Callus formation, phenolics content and related antioxidant activities in tissue culture of a medicinal plant colocynth (Citrullus colocynthis)

Abstract

Callus cultures from stems, leaves and roots of colocynth were initiated on MS media supplemented with various combinations of 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) with kinetin (KIN) and benzyladenine (BA) with α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The highest percentage of callus formation frequency (98.9%) was obtained from stem explants grown on MS media supplemented with (1.0 mg/L) 2,4-D + (1.0 mg/L) KIN. The total phenolics and flavonoid content of the colocynth callus cultures were measured. The results showed that the MS medium supplemented with 6.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 2.0 mg/L KIN (MD3) gave the highest content of total phenolics (19.2 mg/100g d.w.) in leaf-derived calli. The highest content of flavonoids (47.3 mg/100g d.w.) was obtained in stem derived calli grown on the same medium (MD3). Antioxidant activities of extracts were determined using different assays, including DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity and ferric reducing power. Leaf-derived calli cultured on MS medium + 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 1.0 mg/L KIN (MD1) showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (85.3%). The highest percentage of H2O2 scavenging activity (61.4%) was detected in leaf explant-derived calli growing on MD1. The leaf-derived calli growing on (MD3) gave the highest ferric reducing power (22.3 μg/g d.w.), compared to the activities of stems, leaves and roots of in vitro grown seedlings (3.28, 12.9 and 2.85 μg/g d.w.), which were used as controls. On the basis of the current findings, we conclude that MS media supplemented with different combinations of 2,4-D and KIN yields higher phenolics, flavonoids contents and antioxidant activities than MS media supplemented with BA and NAA.

Differential Production of Phenylpropanoid Metabolites in Callus Cultures of Ocimum basilicum L. with Distinct In Vitro Antioxidant Activities and In Vivo Protective Effects against UV stress

“…Results illustrated in Figure C indicated that as a consequence to PGRs treatments (NAA, TDZ, BAP, NAA + TDZ, and NAA + BAP), the highest TPC levels were detected at 2.5 mg/L NAA (11.56 mg/g DW) followed by 1.0 mg/L TDZ (11.04 mg/g DW), whereas the minimum TPC (0.2 mg/g DW) levels were detected at high concentrations (20.0 mg/L) of BAP. These findings are in harmony with the previously published reports which showed that NAA at a lower concentration results in highest level of TPC in calli of Citrullus colocynthis L . From the observed data, a positive relationship can be drawn between the total phenolic content and biomass accumulation in callus cultures of O. basilicum.…”

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lavandula coronopifolia Poir Extracts: A Comparison between Callus Culture and Native Plant

“…Generally, in DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the extracts demonstrated strong antioxidant activity comparable to that of normal ascorbic acid. Te results are consistent with those of El-Baz et al [12], who found that the extract of Citrullus colocynthis callus had higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than the extract of feld plant leaves. 2 shows the results of the ferricreducing capacities of the extracts.…”

“…In vitro cultures are promising approaches for the bioprospection of natural products [11,12]. In the search for alternatives to the biosynthesis of valuable secondary metabolites from plants, biotechnological techniques, particularly plant tissue cultures, have been found to have potential as a companion to conventional agriculture in the industrial production of phytochemical compounds [13].…”