Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature embryos of rye and triticale

Abstract

Abstract. Callus cultures were established from the scutellum, scuteUar node and radicle region of immature embryos of rye and octoploid triticale on modified MurashigeSkoog basal medium supplemented with various growth regulators. 2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T and 2, 4, 5-CI3POP were found suitable for initiation and maintenance of callus cultures. Cytokinins had no or inhibitory effect on callus induction and growth. On basal medium containing 5 mg/1 of 2,4,5-C13 POP, 16% of triticale and 17% of rye primary cultures exhibited shoot bud regeneration after 3-4 weeks. Transfer of such cultures to basal medium supplemented with zeatin or zeatin in combination with IAA further promoted shoot elongation and plantlet formation. Plantlets were rooted on basal medium conraining 1 mg/l NAA and were eventually transferred to soil. Chlorophyll variants were observed in about 6% of triticale cultures.

Plant tissue culture of Secale: A review

“…Other auxins p-CPA, 2, 4, 5-C1 3 POP have also been found useful for callus production (Eapen & Rao, 1982, Krumbiegel-Schroern et al ., 1984 .…”

“…Histological examination of proliferating tissue revealed that callus was initiated from the scutellar node and the region of the radical and plumule 5 9 (Eapen & Rao, 1982) . In the case of isolated scutellum parenchyma cells, divisions occurred on different parts of explants (Rybczynski, 1979) .…”

“…Some authors supplemented it with other vitamins . Eapen & Rao (1984) supplemented the MS basal medium with vitamins according to Lin & Staba (1961) . The effect of different carbon sources was investigated by Eapen & Rao (1984) .…”

“…Eapen & Rao (1984) supplemented the MS basal medium with vitamins according to Lin & Staba (1961) . The effect of different carbon sources was investigated by Eapen & Rao (1984) . In these experiments fructose and galactose were inhibitory compared to glucose and sucrose for growth of rye callus .…”

“…Later, the same concentration was used to carry out experiments with callus induction and plant regeneration of isolated immature rye embryo scutellum (Rybczyfiski, 1979) . In contrast Eapen & Rao (1984) presented 5% coconut water in the presence of 2 .0 mg/l 2,4-D was less effective for callus formation than 0 .5 mg/l, but in the case of plant regeneration of rye 15% coconut water was equally effective when the regeneration medium was supplemented with NAA (0 .2 mg/1) or IAA (0 .1 mg/1) (Eapon & Rao, 1985) . The lack of effect of coconut milk on embryogenic callus formation and somatic embryo production similar to casein hydrolizate has been stressed by Lu et al .…”