Calprotectin: Clinical Applications in Pediatrics

Herrera, Oscar R.; Christensen, Michael L.; Helms, Richard A.

doi:10.5863/1551-6776-21.4.308

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Calprotectin is a major cytosolic protein of leucocytes, especially neutrophils. Elevated levels of calprotectin are evident in infectious and inflammatory diseases and are often used as a marker of gastrointestinal inflammation [ 54 ]. The response of serum calprotectin during H. contortus infection and the experimental treatments in our present study was inconsistent with study of Váradyová et al [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of herbal nutraceuticals and/or zinc against Haemonchus contortus in lambs experimentally infected

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe gastrointestinal parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus is a pathogenic organism resistant to several anthelmintics. This study assessed the efficacy of a medicinal herbal mixture (Herbmix) and organic zinc, as an essential trace element for the proper functioning of both unspecific and specific immune defensive mechanisms, against experimental infections with H. contortus in lambs. All lambs were infected orally with approximately 5000 third-stage larvae of a strain of H. contortus susceptible to anthelmintics (MHco1). Twenty-four female lambs 3–4 months of age were divided into four groups: unsupplemented animals (control), animals supplemented with Herbmix (Hmix), animals supplemented with organic zinc (Zn) and animals supplemented with Herbmix and organic zinc (Hmix+Zn). Eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces were quantified 20, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 62 and 70 d post-infection and mean abomasal worm counts were assessed 70 d post-infection. Samples of blood were collected from each animal 7, 35, 49 and 70 d post-infection.ResultsQuantitative analyses of the bioactive compounds in Herbmix identified three main groups: flavonoids (9964.7 μg/g), diterpenes (4886.1 μg/g) and phenolic acids (3549.2 μg/g). Egg counts in the lambs treated with Hmix, Zn and Hmix+Zn decreased after 49 d. The EPGs in the Zn and Hmix+Zn groups were significantly lower on day 56 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), and the EPGs and mean worm counts were significantly lower on day 70 in all supplemented groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Hemograms of complete red blood cells of each animal identified clinical signs of haemonchosis after day 35. Serum calprotectin concentrations and IgA levels were significantly affected by treatment. The treatment influenced serum malondialdehyde concentrations (P < 0.05) and sulfhydryl groups (P < 0.01) of antioxidant status. The mineral status was unaltered in all lambs.ConclusionA direct anthelmintic impact on the viability of nematodes was not fully demonstrated, but the treatments with herbal nutraceuticals and zinc likely indirectly contributed to the increase in the resistance of the lambs to nematode infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of herbal nutraceuticals and/or zinc against Haemonchus contortus in lambs experimentally infected

et al. 2018

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“…In children, serum calprotectin is acknowledged as an inflammatory marker in various diseases including cystic fibrosis, chronic, or acute intestinal diseases, endogenous posterior uveitis, and pediatric rheumatic diseases [28]. We hypothesized that serum calprotectin would be increased in obese children with low-grade systemic inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Calprotectin Level in Children: Marker of Obesity and its Metabolic Complications

et al. 2018

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Aim: Elevated calprotectin levels have been reported in obese adults but have not been evaluated in pediatric population. We investigated the characteristics of serum calprotectin in overweight and obese children and its association with metabolic comorbidities. Methods: We enrolled 131 children (11.7 ± 4.1 years). According to body mass index (BMI), the subjects were divided into 3 groups: obese > 95th percentile; overweight BMI 75th–95th percentile, and normal weight BMI < 75th percentile. Patients were classified as having Metabolic Syndrome if they met 3 or more of the following criteria for age and sex: BMI > 97th percentile, triglycerides > 95th percentile, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 5th percentile, systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure > 95th percentile, and impaired glucose tolerance. In all patients, calprotectin serum levels were also detected. Results: Calprotectin was higher in obese and overweight children than normal weight subjects (p < 0.001), with calprotectin in females being significantly higher than in males (p = 0.04). Increased calprotectin was related to pathological fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001) and insulin resistance (p = 0.03), while BMI (p = 0.001), and diastolic pressure (p = 0.001) are independent factors for increased calprotectin. Conclusions: Our findings confirm the association between increased calprotectin and obesity also in children and suggest the potential utility of this biomarker in the monitoring of its metabolic complications.

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“…The Calprotectin can activate signaling cascades in several human diseases which occurs when the protein binds to its specific receptors as target proteins such as: receptor for advanced glycated end products (RAGE), heparan sulphate proteoglycan and toll like receptor (TLR4) which is the main receptor for binding to heterodimeric complex [4,5,15,16]. The Calprotectin also has the ability to regulate the accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages, cytokine production and various processes such as: leukocyte migration, differentiation of myeloid cells, cytoskeleton rearrangement and fatty acid transport [17,18]. Several studies revealed that the lipid membrane of all eukaryote cells consists of poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including n-3 and n-6 fatty acids which they are categorized dependent upon the last carbon-carbon double bond location from the omega carbon [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of unsaturated fatty acids (Arachidonic/Oleic Acids) on stability and structural properties of Calprotectin using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approach

et al. 2020

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Calprotectin is a heterodimeric protein complex with two subunits called S100A8/A9. The protein has an essential role in inflammation process and various human diseases. It has the ability to bind to unsaturated fatty acids including Arachidonic acid, Oleic acid and etc., which could be considered as a major carrier for fatty acids. In this study we aimed to appraise the thermodynamics and structural changes of Calprotectin in presence of Arachidonic acid/Oleic acid) using docking and molecular dynami simulation method. To create the best conformation of Calprotectin-Oleic acid/Arachidonic acid complexes, the docking process was performed. The complexes with the best binding energy were selected as the models for molecular dynamics simulation process. Furthermore, the structural and thermodynamics properties of the complexes were evaluated too. The Root Mean Square Deviation and Root Mean Square Fluctuation results showed that the binding of Arachidonic acid/ Oleic acid to Calprotectin can cause the protein structural changes which was confirmed by Define Secondary Structure of Proteins results. Accordingly, the binding free energy results verified that binding of Oleic acid to Calprotectin leads to instability of S100A8/A9 subunits in the protein. Moreover, the electrostatic energy contribution of the complexes (Calprotectin-Oleic acid/Arachidonic acid) was remarkably higher than van der Waals energy. Thus, the outcome of this study confirm that Oleic acid has a stronger interaction with Calprotectin in comparison with Arachidonic acid. Our findings indicated that binding of unsaturated fatty acids to Calprotectin leads to structural changes of the S100A8/A9 subunits which could be beneficial to play a biological role in inflammation process.

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Calprotectin: Clinical Applications in Pediatrics

Cited by 27 publications

References 98 publications

Effects of herbal nutraceuticals and/or zinc against Haemonchus contortus in lambs experimentally infected

Effects of herbal nutraceuticals and/or zinc against Haemonchus contortus in lambs experimentally infected

Serum Calprotectin Level in Children: Marker of Obesity and its Metabolic Complications

Effects of unsaturated fatty acids (Arachidonic/Oleic Acids) on stability and structural properties of Calprotectin using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approach

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