Calprotectin is a potential prognostic marker for polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Background Calprotectin is an antimicrobial, calcium and zinc-binding heterocomplex protein and has been proposed as a marker to rule out inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of calprotectin in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome and to investigate the association between calprotectin and insulin resistance. Methods A total of 41 females with polycystic ovary syndrome and 54 age-matched without polycystic ovary syndrome were eligible for the study. Serum concentration of calprotectin was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical characteristics, hormone and metabolic parameters were evaluated in each subject. The predictive value of serum calprotectin was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Correlations between the serum calprotectin concentrations and insulin resistance were examined using Spearman's correlation. Results We found that the serum calprotectin concentrations were significantly higher in polycystic ovary syndrome compared with the non-polycystic ovary syndrome group ( P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve assay yielded a satisfactory result of 0.88 (95% confidence interval 0.81-0.95; P < 0.001). The optimum cut-off was 2.4 µg/mL with a 85.2% specificity and 75.6% sensitivity for polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis. A significant positive correlation was found between the serum calprotectin and insulin resistance. Conclusions These results suggest that calprotectin might be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome, especially those with insulin resistance.

Serum calprotectin levels as markers of inflammation, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

“…There are 2 studies in the current literature on the relationship between PCOS and calprotectin levels. In the first study, Chen et al [ 16 ] found that serum calprotectin levels were significantly increased in PCOS patients and positively correlated with the HOMA-IR index, similar to our study. However, its relationship with hyperandrogenism was not indicated in this study, unlike that in our study.…”

Eight-Hour Time-Restricted Feeding: A Strong Candidate Diet Protocol for First-Line Therapy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

“…Consequently, circulatory lipopolysaccharides increase in blood, triggering the immune system, ultimately resulting in insulin resistance [ 26 ]. Calprotectin binds calcium and zinc and exhibits antimicrobial properties [ 49 ]. Fecal calprotectin, therefore, can be used to gauge inflammation and permeability in the gut [ 48 , 50 ].…”

“…Fecal calprotectin, therefore, can be used to gauge inflammation and permeability in the gut [ 48 , 50 ]. In one study, it was observed that serum calprotectin was significantly elevated in patients with PCOS relative to controls, and calprotectin levels were correlated with insulin resistance [ 49 ]. We observed that the TRF diet reduced fecal calprotectin levels.…”

Calprotectin may be positively associated with the severity of acne vulgaris

“…33 Calprotectin is positively associated with insulin resistance, while androgens (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and testosterone) and calprotectin together are elevated in inflammatory disease. 34 Neutrophils can held microbial infection control by phagocytosis and release of anti-inflammatory molecules, 35 whereas about 50% of the cytoplasmic protein content of neutrophils is comprised of calprotectin. 24,36,37 Thus, the calprotectin upregulation in AV may be resulted from the inflammatory response.…”