Calprotectin Is Associated with HETE and HODE Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Abstract

Background: Intestinal diseases are identified as autoimmune phenomena attributed to a specific virus that binds to the mucosal epithelium. The importance of precise diagnostic processes and identification is emphasized, but the multifaceted and complex etiological factors pose challenges for effective treatment. A recent supplementary study suggested a linkage between the secretion of calprotectin, a protein associated with inflammatory processes, and increased levels of hydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (HETE) and hydroxyoctadecadienoic (HODE) compounds. Methods: Sixty-two patients (average age: 14.06 ± 2.93 years) suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases were included in this study. Comparative analyses were performed to assess the concentrations of calprotectin against the levels of arachidonic acid derivatives. The calprotectin concentration was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The derivatives of HETE and HODE were identified through liquid chromatography. Results: Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) displayed higher average concentrations of fatty acid metabolites; however, no correlation with calprotectin was observed. A dependency of 12S HETE concentration relative to age was noted in the CD group, and a similar trend was also identified in ulcerative colitis (UC), with the significant metabolites being 15 HETE and 5 oxoETE. In UC patients, a positive correlation was established between the calprotectin concentration and the acids 5-HETE and 12-HETE. Conclusions: These findings may be instrumental for monitoring the inflammatory states of patients and indicating a pathway for intervention. The metabolite 16RS HETE is associated with UC activity, and 15-HETE is related to the disease’s duration. A relatively more significant role of HETE acids in the progression of the disease was observed in UC.

Enhancing Calprotectin’s Predictive Power as a Biomarker of Endoscopic Activity in Ulcerative Colitis: A Machine Learning Use Case

“…There is a collective body of research aiming to elucidate the pathogenesis of inflammation in IBD [3][4][5] and potential biomarkers to predict inflammatory status [6][7][8]. This supports the use of biomarkers like calprotectin for disease monitoring as a substitute for endoscopy in certain clinical scenarios by exploring the relevance of fecal biomarkers in reflecting mucosal healing (a key aspect in the control of IBD) [9]. The current literature also Biomedicines 2024, 12, 475 2 of 12 emphasizes precision medicine approaches in IBD treatment, highlighting the importance of personalized therapeutic strategies [10].…”