Calretinin-immunoreactive neurons and their projections in the guinea-pig colon

McConalogue, K.; Low, A M; Williamson, Susan; Bornstein, Joel C.; Furness, John B.

doi:10.1007/s004410050098

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…The pattern of labelling of soma and punctate fibres with CGRP or substance P antibodies in the rat ileum and guinea pig ileum and colon confirms that found in previ-ous studies (McConalogue et al, 1994). In addition, we found that some of these neurons appear to express CB 1 -IR, although colocalisation was rarely found at the fibre level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Release resulting from maximal field stimulation at ganglionic synapses in the cholinergic microcircuitry or any subsequent release from motoneurons resulting from recurrent activity in myenteric neurons and blocked by nicotinic receptor blockade does not appear to contribute significantly to the neuromuscular transmission. Other calretinin-positive neurons may belong to the group of orally projecting cholinergic interneurons that are thought to mediate the ascending excitatory enteric reflexes, as described by Brookes et al (1992), and also label for substance P and NFT (Jenkinson et al, 1999;McConalogue et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Localisation of cannabinoid CB₁ receptor immunoreactivity in the guinea pig and rat myenteric plexus

Coutts

Irving

Mackie

et al. 2002

J of Comparative Neurology

138

103

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Activation of cannabinoid CB(1) receptors inhibits gastrointestinal motility, propulsion, and transit, whereas selective antagonism of these receptors has the opposite effects, suggesting the presence of endocannabinoid tone. Supporting evidence for presynaptic CB(1) receptors on myenteric neurons has been found in vitro. In this study, selective CB(1) receptor antibodies and neuronal markers were used to identify and characterise myenteric neurons expressing cannabinoid receptors. Whole mounts of rat and guinea pig myenteric preparations were dually labelled with antibodies against the CB(1) receptor and choline acetyltransferase, neurofilament proteins, calbindin, calretinin, synapsin I, microtubule-associated protein-2, calcitonin gene-related peptide, or substance P. The pattern of CB(1) receptor labelling and the neurochemical classification of CB(1) receptor-positive cells were markedly influenced by the species and fixation procedure. Virtually all choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive myenteric neurons expressed CB(1) receptors in ganglia from both species. Subpopulations of neurons identified with calbindin, calretinin, and microtubule-associated protein-2 did not express CB(1) receptors. A few calcitonin gene-related peptide- and substance P-positive somata coexpressed CB(1) receptor immunoreactivity but showed little colocalisation on individual fibres. There was a close association between CB(1) receptor immunoreactivity and fibres labelled for synaptic protein, suggesting a role in the modulation of transmitter release. Functional responses to cannabinoids in the presence of hexamethonium suggest further that CB(1) receptors occur on excitatory motoneurons. In conclusion, CB(1) receptors are expressed on a variety of cholinergic sensory, interneuronal, and motor neurons in myenteric ganglia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Localisation of cannabinoid CB₁ receptor immunoreactivity in the guinea pig and rat myenteric plexus

Coutts

Irving

Mackie

et al. 2002

J of Comparative Neurology

138

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For instance, in the enteric nervous system, calretinin-and calbindin D28K-immunoreactivity (calbindin-immunoreactivity) occur in combination with a wide range of neuroactive substances and form chemical codes unique to neurons with specific projections and function Brookes et al, 1991;Messenger and Furness, 1993;McConalogue et al, 1994). Similarly, among sensory neurons, calretinin-and calbindin-immunoreactivity are found in different subsets of primary afferent neurons in both the dorsal root ganglia and cranial nerve sensory ganglia of a number of species (Enderlin et al, 1987;Phillipe and Droz, 1988;Rogers, 1989;Kuramoto et al, 1990;Heppelmann and Emson, 1993;Ichikawa et al, 1993;Ren et al, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calbindin D28K-immunoreactivity identifies distinct subpopulations of sympathetic pre- and postganglionic neurons in the rat

Grković

Anderson

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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Neurons performing the same function can be identified immunohistochemically because they often share the same neurochemistry. The distribution of calcium-binding proteins, like calbindin, has been used previously to identify functional subpopulations of neurons in many parts of the nervous system. In this study we have investigated the distribution of calbindin D28K-immunoreactivity in subpopulations of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral nucleus of the rat spinal cord. The majority of calbindin D28K-immunoreactive preganglionic neurons also had co-localised nitric oxide synthase, although a population of preganglionic neurons in the mid- to low thoracic intermediolateral nucleus expressed only calbindin D28K-immunoreactivity. Retrograde-tracing studies showed that calbindin D28K-immunoreactive neurons projected to the superior cervical and stellate ganglia, with smaller numbers of cells projecting to the lumbar sympathetic chain and superior mesenteric ganglia. Very few calbindin D28K-immunoreactive neurons projected to the inferior mesenteric ganglion, and none projected to the adrenal medulla. The distribution of calbindin D28K-immunoreactive terminals and postganglionic neurons in the superior cervical and stellate ganglia was also investigated. Many postganglionic neurons were calbindin D28K-immunoreactive, and most of these lacked neuropeptide Y-immunoreactivity. Calbindin D28K-immunoreactive nerve terminals were common and formed dense pericellular baskets around many postganglionic neurons, including some of those that were calbindin D28K-immunoreactive, but only rarely formed pericellular baskets around neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive neurons. The function of some of the classes of postganglionic neurons that were the target of calbindin D28K-immunoreactive preganglionic terminals was determined by combining immunohistochemistry with retrograde-tracer injections into a range of peripheral tissues. Calbindin D28K-immunoreactive nerve terminals, with co-localised nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactivity, surrounded secretomotor neurons projecting to the submandibular salivary gland and pilomotor neurons projecting to skin, but did not surround neurons projecting to brown fat or vasomotor neurons projecting to the skin, muscle, or salivary glands.

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“…Neuroanatomical studies (31,33,34) have revealed substantial similarities between the circuitry in the ileum and colon, but have also highlighted some significant differences. For example, one class of somatostatin-containing interneurons appears to have descending projections in the ileum but projects orally in colon (29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic transmission in simple motility reflex pathways excited by distension in guinea pig distal colon

Bian

Heffer

Gwynne

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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We examined specific receptor/transmitter combinations used at functionally identified synapses in ascending and descending reflex pathways of guinea pig distal colon. Excitatory (EJPs) or inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) were recorded intracellularly from nicardipine-paralyzed circular smooth muscle in either the oral or anal recording chamber of a three-chambered organ bath, respectively. Blockade of synaptic transmission in the central chamber with a 0.25 mM Ca 2ϩ /12 mM Mg 2ϩ solution abolished EJPs evoked by distension applied either in the central or the far (anal) chamber. IJPs evoked by distension in the central or the far (oral) chamber were depressed to ϳ50% of control. Hexamethonium (nicotinic receptor antagonist, 200 M) in the central chamber reduced IJPs evoked by far or central distension to 50%, whereas EJPs evoked by far distension were abolished and EJPs evoked by central distension were reduced to 70% of control. Hexamethonium in the recording chambers reduced both IJPs and EJPs evoked by central distension to ϳ50%. EJPs in the ascending pathway were unaffected by blockade of muscarinic receptors in the central chamber or blockade of neurokinin 3 tachykinin receptors in this or the recording chamber. In the descending pathway, blockade of P2 receptors in the same chambers had only a minor effect on distension-evoked IJPs. Thus some intrinsic sensory neurons of guinea pig colon have long descending projections (Ͼ30 mm), but ascending projections of Ͻ15 mm. In contrast to the ileum, transmission between ascending or descending interneurons and from sensory neurons to descending interneurons is predominantly via nicotinic receptors; but transmission to inhibitory or excitatory motoneurons and from sensory neurons to ascending interneurons involves nicotinic and other unidentified receptors. enteric nervous system; electrophysiology; smooth muscle; enteric reflex THE COLON IS SPECIALIZED FOR the absorption of water and electrolytes and the storage and transport of material. The digestion and absorption of nutrients (such as those produced from bacterial fermentation) is of lesser overall importance. The intrinsic circuitry underlying colonic behavior may thus be quite different from that of the small intestine in which mixing and primary nutrient absorption are crucial functions. These differences are currently not well defined but are critical for interpretation of a vast range of currently available data.The guinea pig small intestine has been an excellent model for studying the circuitry of the enteric nervous system. It is in this system that the best data on projection patterns, chemical code, and electrophysiology have been gathered and correlated to characterize specific functional classes of neuron (8) and to reveal the nature of synaptic transmission at specific classes of synapses (7). The circuitry of the ileum, in particular, provides a template on which to design studies investigating the circuitry in the colon.Neuroanatomical studies (31, 33, 34) have revealed substantial similar...

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Calretinin-immunoreactive neurons and their projections in the guinea-pig colon

Cited by 16 publications

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Localisation of cannabinoid CB₁ receptor immunoreactivity in the guinea pig and rat myenteric plexus

Localisation of cannabinoid CB₁ receptor immunoreactivity in the guinea pig and rat myenteric plexus

Calbindin D28K-immunoreactivity identifies distinct subpopulations of sympathetic pre- and postganglionic neurons in the rat

Synaptic transmission in simple motility reflex pathways excited by distension in guinea pig distal colon

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Calretinin-immunoreactive neurons and their projections in the guinea-pig colon

Cited by 16 publications

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Localisation of cannabinoid CB1 receptor immunoreactivity in the guinea pig and rat myenteric plexus

Localisation of cannabinoid CB1 receptor immunoreactivity in the guinea pig and rat myenteric plexus

Calbindin D28K-immunoreactivity identifies distinct subpopulations of sympathetic pre- and postganglionic neurons in the rat

Synaptic transmission in simple motility reflex pathways excited by distension in guinea pig distal colon

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Product

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Localisation of cannabinoid CB₁ receptor immunoreactivity in the guinea pig and rat myenteric plexus

Localisation of cannabinoid CB₁ receptor immunoreactivity in the guinea pig and rat myenteric plexus