Calretinin: Modulator of neuronal excitability

Camp, Aaron J.; Wijesinghe, Rajiv

doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2009.05.007

Cited by 97 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The calcium buffering capability of these CaBPs may play a neuroprotective role against high activity levels or degeneration during hearing loss (Camp and Wijesinghe 2009;D'Orlando et al 2002;Idrizbegovic et al 2006;Parks et al 1997). In the avian brain stem, neurons in the timing pathways are characterized by calretinin (CR) immunoreactivity, which also demarcates the terminal fields of these pathways in the midbrain (Takahashi et al 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Calretinin Expression in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus Angularis

Bloom

Williams

MacLeod

2014

JARO

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Multiple calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs) are expressed at high levels and in complementary patterns in the auditory pathways of birds, mammals, and other vertebrates, but whether specific members of the CaBP family can be used to identify neuronal subpopulations is unclear. We used double immunofluorescence labeling of calretinin (CR) in combination with neuronal markers to investigate the distribution of CR-expressing neurons in brainstem sections of the cochlear nucleus in the chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus). While CR was homogeneously expressed in cochlear nucleus magnocellularis, CR expression was highly heterogeneous in cochlear nucleus angularis (NA), a nucleus with diverse cell types analogous in function to neurons in the mammalian ventral cochlear nucleus. To quantify the distribution of CR in the total NA cell population, we used antibodies against neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN), a postmitotic neuronspecific nuclear marker. In NA neurons, NeuN label was variably localized to the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm, and the intensity of NeuN immunoreactivity was inversely correlated with the intensity of CR immunoreactivity. The percentage of CR+neurons in NA increased from 31 % in embryonic (E)17/18 chicks, to 44 % around hatching (E21), to 51 % in postnatal day (P) 8 chicks. By P8, the distribution of CR + neurons was uniform, both rostrocaudal and in the tonotopic (dorsoventral) axis.Immunoreactivity for the voltage-gated potassium ion channel Kv1.1, used as a marker for physiological type, showed broad and heterogeneous postsynaptic expression in NA, but did not correlate with CR expression. These results suggest that CR may define a subpopulation of neurons within nucleus angularis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Calretinin Expression in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus Angularis

Bloom

Williams

MacLeod

2014

JARO

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“…[58][59][60] Yet, our results show that P4 had no sharpening effect in L2 in the TBI brain, suggesting that the inhibitory coding mechanism that is activated by P4 treatment in sham animals, that is not associated with response strength, is inactive in L2 in TBI animals. Between 6 h and 10 d post-TBI, there is a downregulation of thalamic GABA receptors which persists for up to 4 mo postinjury.…”

Section: Short-term Effects Of P4 On Response Profiles In the Injuredmentioning

confidence: 51%

Progesterone sharpens temporal response profiles of sensory cortical neurons in animals exposed to traumatic brain injury.

et al. 2016

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates a cascade of pathophysiological changes that are both complex and difficult to treat. Progesterone (P4) is a neuroprotective treatment option that has shown excellent preclinical benefits in the treatment of TBI, but these benefits have not translated well in the clinic. We have previously shown that P4 exacerbates the already hypoactive upper cortical responses in the short-term post-TBI and does not reduce upper cortical hyperactivity in the long term, and we concluded that there is no tangible benefit to sensory cortex firing strength. Here we examined the effects of P4 treatment on temporal coding resolution in the rodent sensory cortex in both the short term (4 d) and long term (8 wk) following impactacceleration-induced TBI. We show that in the short-term postinjury, TBI has no effect on sensory cortex temporal resolution and that P4 also sharpens the response profile in all cortical layers in the uninjured brain and all layers other than layer 2 (L2) in the injured brain. In the long term, TBI broadens the response profile in all cortical layers despite firing rate hyperactivity being localized to upper cortical layers and P4 sharpens the response profile in TBI animals in all layers other than L2 and has no long-term effect in the sham brain. These results indicate that P4 has long-term effects on sensory coding that may translate to beneficial perceptual outcomes. The effects seen here, combined with previous beneficial preclinical data, emphasize that P4 is still a potential treatment option in ameliorating TBI-induced disorders.

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“…There are many systems which regulate intracellular Ca 2+ concentration, including calcium binding proteins (CaBPs), e.g. calretinin (CR), which is a sensory protein, as well as a fast and slow calcium buffer (4). CR influences neuronal survival during calcium homeostasis disorders.…”

Section: Praca Oryginalna Original Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Calretinin expression in hippocampus of mouse offspring from dams treated with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate

Krawczyk¹,

Rycerz²,

Jaworska-Adamu³

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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SummaryThe aim of the study was the immunohistochemical evaluation of calretinin (CR) expression in the hippocampus of neonatal (P0) and 21-day-old (P21) male mice from dams that received 0.2 g/kg b.w./day of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate between the 26 th and 39 th day of pregnancy. The immunohistochemical peroxidaseantiperoxidase reaction was conducted on brain slices of offspring from control (C) and experimental (HMB) groups, using the specific antibody against CR. CR-immunopositive neurons of the hippocampal CA1 region and the dentate gyrus with the hilus were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by means of an Olympus BX51 light microscope and the ImageJ 1.48v program. To demonstrate statistically significant differences, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used. The results of our studies revealed a decrease in CR expression intensity and the number of neurons only in the hilus of the dentate gyrus in both groups of mice (P0 and P21). The results indicate that HMB administration to pregnant dams may lead to damage or even loss of CR-immunopositive neurons in their offspring. This phenomenon may be related to calcium excess. Cells with CR expression inhibit the activity of other interneurons, causing a reverse of inhibition in principal neurons. The loss of cells with CR expression may interfere with the control and synchronisation of neuron excitability. In consequence, this may affect cognitive processes, memory and animal behaviour.

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Calretinin: Modulator of neuronal excitability

Cited by 97 publications

References 18 publications

Heterogeneous Calretinin Expression in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus Angularis

Heterogeneous Calretinin Expression in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus Angularis

Progesterone sharpens temporal response profiles of sensory cortical neurons in animals exposed to traumatic brain injury.

Calretinin expression in hippocampus of mouse offspring from dams treated with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate

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