“…Calycosin, an isoflavone phytoestrogen isolated from Astragalus membranaceus , is reported to have various therapeutic uses, such as anticancer, antivirus, antioxidation, and anti‐inflammation effects (Chen, Lin, Yong, Ye, & Huang, ; X. Wang & Zhao, ; Zhao, Li, Ren, Tian, & Chen, ; Zhu et al, ). Previous studies also indicated that calycosin exerted a neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia (Y. Wang, Ren, Zhang, Lu, & Chen, ), mitigated Alzheimer's disease symptoms by improving cognitive function in mice model (Song, Li, Bai, Gao, & Wang, ), and the pro‐inflammatory cytokines levels in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (Su et al, ). Notably, calycosin was reported to effectively decrease the phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) induced by ovariectomy and protects against acute pancreatitis by exerting anti‐inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects via the P38 MAPK and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signal pathways, which immediately prompted us to investigate the potential therapeutic value of this compound in vivo and in vitro (N. Li et al, ; Ma et al, ).…”