Cambial Variants Combine Successive Cambia and Intraxylary Phloem in Convolvulaceae in Taiwan

Yang, Sheng‐Zehn; Chen, Po-Hao; Chen, Chien‐Fan

doi:10.4236/ajps.2020.113032

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The stem and root of I. cairica presented similar conformation, with lobed pattern and successive/ multiple cambia, corroborating the observations of the stem and root of I. hederiflora and I. quamoclit by Lowell & Lucansky (1986, 1990, and for the stem of I. cairica by Delbón et al (2016) and Yang et al (2020). Chen et al (2007) worked with very young stems of I. cairica, where the presence of cambial variations was not evident, as observed in the images of the manuscript.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Anatomy of stem and root of Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet (Convolvulaceae) - the Lianescent Vascular Syndrome

2021

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Resumo. Anatomia de caule e raíz de Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet (Convolvulaceae) -a Síndrome Vascular Lianescente. Entre as espécies de Ipomoea de importância econômica, a liana Ipomoea cairica se destaca por grande potencial farmacológico. Considerando que a variação cambial presente em Ipomoea não está diretamente relacionada ao hábito, o presente estudo tem como objetivo listar o grupo de características anatômicas que definem a Síndrome Vascular Lianescente na espécie, assim como verificar se existe variação entre o lenho do caule e da raiz. Secções transversais e longitudinais de material fresco foram analisadas qualitativa e quantitativamente. Assim, verificou-se que a anatomia da madeira de I. cairica é semelhante à de outras espécies de Ipomoea, incluindo xilema secundário com anéis de crescimento indistintos e vasos com porosidade difusa, principalmente solitários, placa de perfuração simples, pontoações areoladas alternas, tiloses, raios heterocelulares, principalmente uniseriados e a presença de raios não lignificados. As características da "síndrome vascular lianescente" estão relacionadas ao vaso dimorfismo e à alta porcentagem de parênquima. Entretanto, análise estatística mostrou diferenças no diâmetro de vasos, com valores maiores, e frequência de vasos, com valores mais baixos, para as raízes. Essas diferenças devem estar relacionadas ao ambiente em que o órgão se desenvolve, assim como com os mecanismos envolvidos na condução hídrica. Estudos específicos possibilitarão testar esta hipótese. Palavras-chave: câmbios sucessivos, dimorfismo dos vasos, drusas, glória da manhã, parênquima não lignificado, variação cambial.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Anatomy of stem and root of Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet (Convolvulaceae) - the Lianescent Vascular Syndrome

2021

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“…The lengths of the vascular bundles of the main midrib were found to be variable among different J. evolvuloides populations (as was likewise reported for J. nodiflora by Belo et al, 2023). A bicollateral vascular system with intraxylem phloem (Rajput & Gondaliya, 2017; Yang et al, 2020) is commonly observed in Convolvulaceae, with the exception of the genus Cuscuta (Metcalfe & Chalk, 1950). The vascular system of Jacquemontia is collateral, however, which should be further investigated as a potential synapomorphy for the genus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf and stem micromorphology of Jacquemontia evolvuloides (Moric.) Meisn. (Convolvulaceae) populations: New insights for taxonomic classification using light and scanning electron microscopy

Belo

Buril

Santos

et al. 2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Morphoanatomical studies can provide useful and relevant information to support taxonomic groupings. Jacquemontia evolvuloides shows great morphological variability, which has led to numerous taxonomic classifications. To determine if anatomical characters can be used to recognize operational taxonomic units within populations of that species, we analyzed the leaves and stems of 22 populations using light and scanning electron microscopy. The variability of the analyzed characters allowed the grouping of these populations into five morphotypes. The presence of paracytic stomata, laticiferous canals, and stellate trichomes can be considered diagnostic characters of J. evolvuloides. The presence and types of epicuticular waxes, as well as a layer similar to palisade parenchyma in the petioles and stems, the classifications of glandular trichomes, and new types of stomata (anomocytic, anomotetracytic, and brachyparatetracytic) are reported here for the first time for Jacquemontia. The results discussed here help clarify the classification of this species complex and contribute to the taxonomy of Jacquemontia—a genus that has historically been difficult to define due to its wide morphological variation at the species level.Research Highlights Seven types of epicuticular waxes were identified among J. evolvuloides specimens: granules, threads, entire platelets, coiled rodlets, fissured layers, membranous platelets, and tubules. Six types of trichomes were observed among J. evolvuloides populations: stellate, malpighiaceous, sessile peltate glandular, short pedunculate glandular, stipitate‐glandular, and capitate glandular. We observed that six populations of Jacquemontia evolvuloides located in the Brazilian Caatinga domain have unprecedented sessile peltate trichomes restricted to the main leaf midrib, which were only observed under light microscopy.

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“…Numerous studies have been conducted on the secondary growth of liana stems of different families (Metcalfe and Chalk 1985 ; Carlquist 1991 , 2001 , 2007 , 2013 ; Caballé 1993 ; Jansen et al 2002 ; Acevedo-Rodríguez 2005 ; Isnard and Silk 2009 ; Angyalossy et al 2012 , 2015 ; Pace et al 2018 ). In Taiwan, liana cambial variants of stem cross-sections were studied in Fabaceae (Yang et al 2016 ), Menispermaceae (Yang and Chen 2016 ), Piperaceae (Yang and Chen 2017 ), Lardizabalaceae and Sabiaceae (Yang et al 2019 ), Convolvulaceae (Yang et al 2020 ), Ranunculaceae (Yang et al 2021 ), and in families with xylem in plate type (Yang and Chen 2015 ). Carlquist ( 2001 ) and Angyalossy et al ( 2015 ) listed the angiosperm orders and families of climbing plants that possess the cambial variants, promoting the identification of certain families and genera.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas

Yang

Chen

Chen³

2022

Bot Stud

Self Cite

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Background Cambium in lianas, responsible for secondary growth, develop diverse and diagnostic traits during the climbing phase. Studies on the cross-section of Taiwanese liana cambial variants are scarce. We collected multiple stem cross-sections from 287 liana species belonging to 52 families. Each sample was examined on five occasions, and the observations were documented. Results The results showed that approximately 22 cambial variants types were displayed in Taiwan lianas. Among these, axial vascular elements in radial segments were the most common, followed by the variants with the irregular conformation and intraxylary phloem. Based on our assessment, we provide the following identification features of a few families: Apocynaceae had intraxylary phloem; Convolvulaceae had intraxylary phloem combined with successive cambia; Lardizabalaceae, Menispermaceae, and Ranunculaceae possessed axial vascular elements in segments; Piperaceae had external primary vascular bundle cylinder combined with axial vascular elements in segments; Vitaceae had axial vascular elements in segments combined with irregular conformation. Axial vascular elements in segments and intraxylary phloem appeared in six or five combination types, showing that these two types combined with many variants are helpful for the identification of lianas. Two species, Momordica charantia var. abbreviata, and Momordica cochinchinensis had a cambium element in the outer cylinder of cortical bicollateral vascular bundles and formed directional layers of successive cambia. Conclusions Our study documented regular secondary growth with a single cambium in 36 species and cambial variants present in 16 species of Taiwanese lianas. Furthermore, we provide crucial baseline data on liana cambial variations, thereby improving our understanding of their morphology and identification.

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Cambial Variants Combine Successive Cambia and Intraxylary Phloem in Convolvulaceae in Taiwan

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Anatomy of stem and root of Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet (Convolvulaceae) - the Lianescent Vascular Syndrome

Anatomy of stem and root of Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet (Convolvulaceae) - the Lianescent Vascular Syndrome

Leaf and stem micromorphology of Jacquemontia evolvuloides (Moric.) Meisn. (Convolvulaceae) populations: New insights for taxonomic classification using light and scanning electron microscopy

Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas

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