Cambios y continuidades en los procesos de salud tradicional en familias Mapuche-Williche de Huilma. Territorio de Río Negro

Muñoz, Sergio Bermedo; Angulo, Julio César Tereucán

doi:10.32735/s2735-61752020000117146

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…In Chile, the levels of exposure among Mapuche and non-Mapuche populations to pesticides are higher than those found in international studies [71]. Furthermore, research shows that pesticide spraying where there are streams and wetlands has disturbed the growth of herbs and a variety of medicinal plants [66]. This is evidenced by the fact that most of the Mapuche have become ill, as they suffer from intoxication, vomiting, headaches and diarrhea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…There is a reduction in the availability of medicinal herbs in the menoko, which negatively affects the health of the Mapuche people. Correspondingly, studies have shown a decrease in the range of herbs and medicinal plants due to extractivism and environmental pollution [21,66,67], and these plants are in danger of extinction and losing their ancestral medicinal use value [68]. For this reason, the Ministry of Agriculture recovered native plants of ancestral Mapuche medicinal use through a project, giving them value [68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of Extractivism and Environmental Pollution in Mapuche Territories of the Araucania Region

Beltrán-Véliz

Gálvez-Nieto

Angulo

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Chile is facing an environmental crisis and the territory of the Mapuche people is no exception. This is largely due to extractivism, which refers to the massive extraction and exploitation of natural resources in an indiscriminate manner. The objective of this study was to reveal the implications of extractivism and environmental pollution in Mapuche territories in the Araucanía region. The methodology used was qualitative, based on constructivist grounded theory. In-depth interviews and participant observation were used to collect data. The participants were 46 kimeltuchefes. The main results revealed extensive monocultures of non-native trees: pine and eucalyptus, which consume large amounts of water. They also revealed environmental pollution and indiscriminate forestry extractivism related to these trees, which generate soil degradation and water pollution. These consequences reduce biodiversity and disturb the ngenh (spiritual beings and protectors of nature). They also affect the Mapuche’s agricultural activities and, in turn, their health and subsistence. In addition, non-native tree monocultures, environmental pollution and forestry extractivism transgress the az mapu (Mapuche code of ethics and behaviour), which disturbs the ethical, moral and spiritual relationship between the Mapuche and nature. They also have negative implications for the küme mogen (good living of the Mapuche), since they violate the balance and harmony between the Mapuche and all living beings, elements and spiritual beings that are part of nature. This also violates the reciprocity between the Mapuche and nature. It was concluded that there have been violations of the human rights of the Mapuche people, given that they are exposed to harmful environmental conditions that put their health and subsistence at considerable risk. In this sense, the Mapuche are experiencing a spiritual, physical, cognitive, attitudinal, affective and material imbalance. Ultimately, the state of Chile must generate intercultural environmental public and educational policies aimed at generating environmental awareness and creating actions to solve environmental problems in order to protect Mapuche and non-Mapuche territories.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%