Campanian–Maastrichtian unconformities and rudist diagenesis, Aruma Formation, central Saudi Arabia

Özer, Sacit; El‐Sorogy, Abdelbaset S.; Al-Dabbagh, Mohammad E.; Al‐Kahtany, Khaled

doi:10.1007/s12517-018-4158-2

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Recently, Özer et al (2019) while working on the effects of diagenesis on rudists from the Khanasir Member also noted similar diagenetic effects such as cementation and neomorphism, dissolution, micritization, silicification, dolomitization, fragmentation and compaction, and bioerosion. They further noted that the rare occurrence of silicification, dolomitization, and dissolution was suggestive of meteoric diagenetic environments in arid climatic conditions, whereas fragmentation and compaction, micritization, bioerosion, and micritic calcite cement are indicative of marine diagenetic stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The upper part of the massive bedded argillaceous limestone is partially dolomitized containing abundant solitary corals ( Cunnolites spp. ), rudist ( Durania cornupastoris ; see Özer, El‐Sorogy, Al‐Dabbagh, & Al‐Kahtany, 2019), gastropod moulds ( Strombus fischeri , Cypraea cunliffei , and Drilluta curta ), and sparse bivalves (Al‐Kahtany et al, 2016; Okla, 1995). The limestone of the Hajajah Member passes upwards into the 15‐m‐thick Lina Member that consists of shales, alternating with marly nodular limestones (Figure 2).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Lithostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotope stratigraphy (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,¹³C) and depositional sequences of the Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia: Implications to eustatic sea‐level changes

et al. 2020

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Lithofacies characteristics, depositional architecture (facies tracts and depositional sequences), stable isotopes (δ 18 O and δ 13 C), and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios were analysed from the Aruma Formation at the Khashm Buwaibiyat section (north-east Riyadh, Saudi Arabia). The Aruma Formation consists of three formal members (base to top), Khanasir, Hajajah, and Lina members. Based on 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and δ 13 C data, the lower age of the regionally distributed Aruma Formation (Khanasir Member) is now proposed as Late Campanian. This age assignment is supported by the identification of a distinct δ 13 C negative excursion (=Epsilon Event; Upper Campanian), and a globally conformable range of 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values (0.707604-0.707703). Additionally, a review of previous fauna (ammonites and nannofossils) also favours this age assignment. The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values (0.707817-0.707848) from the upper part of the Hajajah Member reflects a Late Maastrichtian signature as also noted by the presence of a longterm δ 13 C decrease. Additionally, based on lithofacies and depositional architecture for the Aruma Formation, nine facies types are identified. These are grouped into four facies associations (restricted peritidal, lagoon inner ramp, shoal transgressive lag, and coral reefs), reflecting four third-order depositional sequences (transgression-regression cycles). These reflect strong influence of both eustatic sea-level rise and regional tectonics (resulting in widespread unconformities and long-time gaps). The shallowing and deepening of the sea level is inferred using sequence stratigraphy (system tracts) and lithofacies variations. This data suggests a gradual rise in sea level from the Upper Campanian to the Maastrichtian with an intervening fall around the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Geological Setting and Lithostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotope stratigraphy (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,¹³C) and depositional sequences of the Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia: Implications to eustatic sea‐level changes

et al. 2020

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“…Other few cavities show silicification, which is the secondary filling of pore spaces with fine‐grained quartz, chalcedony, or opal (Figure b). This process was recently discussed on completely silicified free specimens of the upper Cretaceous rudists in northwestern Jordan and Saudi Arabia (Özer & Ahmad, ; Özer, El‐Sorogy, Al‐Dabbagh, & Al‐Kahtany, ). The middle unit is also characterized by an intense leaching of most of the other biota, especially of aragonitic mineralogy and an increased cementation by blocky calcite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofacies and diagenetic alterations of the Pleistocene coral reefs, northwest Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2019

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Middle to Late Pleistocene coral reefs stretch in three discontinuously elevated units above the present sea level between Duba and Sharma along the Red Sea coast, northwest Saudi Arabia. They correspond to MIS 5, MIS 7, and MIS 9 of the deep sea cores. Each unit exhibits prominent terraces as a result of the onlap during different sea levels, erosion during transgression, and tectonic uplift. Framestones, bafflestones, bindstones, packstones, grainstones and floatstones of coral, algal, and other bioclasts are the main microfacies types recorded from these reefal units and their internal sediment. The lower and the upper units exhibited a vertical pattern of a transgressive sequence, starting at the base with a coral assemblage of coral rock zone and graded into the upper reef slope community at the top, while the middle one exhibited a regressive sequence. Corals progressively changed from aragonite in the lower unit to calcite in the upper one by meteoric leaching of the trabeculae, and the cements changed from marine aragonitic needles and peloidal Mg‐calcite in the lower unit to blocky and dog teeth cements and silica in the middle and upper units. The gravel lenses within coral colonies of the upper unit with plagioclase, epidote, and fractured quartz grains are attributed to a granitic province from the hinterland mountains, driven to the reef during rainy periods.

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“…The exposed sedimentary succession in central Saudi Arabia is represented mainly by Triassic-Cretaceous rocks and is subdivided into the following formations from older to younger: Minjur, Marrat, Dhruma, Tuwaiq Mountain Limestone, Hanifa, Jubaila, Arab, Hith, Wasia, and Aruma formations. The Jurassic and Cretaceous rocks in central Saudi Arabia have been described from many points of view, such as stratigraphy, paleontology, sedimentology, and depositional history, e.g., [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate and Fluoride in the Groundwater of Central Saudi Arabia

Alharbi

El‐Sorogy

2023

Water

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High nitrate and fluoride contamination in groundwater cause a variety of disorders, including methemoglobinemia, teratogenesis, and dental and skeletal fluorosis. The present work assesses the non-carcinogenic health risks posed by nitrate and fluoride in infants, children, and adults using the daily water intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), and non-carcinogenic hazard index (HI). Groundwater samples were collected from 36 wells and boreholes in three central Saudi Arabian study areas for nitrate and fluoride analysis using ionic chromatography and fluoride selective electrode, respectively. Nitrate concentrations varied from 0.70 to 47.00 mg/L. None of the 36 studied boreholes had nitrate levels that exceeded WHO guidelines (50.00 mg/L). Fluoride ranged from 0.63 to 2.00 mg/L, and 30.55% of the fluoride samples (11 out of 36) exceeded the WHO recommendations for acceptable drinking water (1.5 mg/L). The average hazard index (HI) values for adults, children, and infants were 0.99, 2.59, and 2.77, respectively. Water samples surpassed the safety level of 1 for adults, children, and infants at 44.44, 97.22, and 100%, respectively. Accordingly, water samples from Jubailah and a few from Wadi Nisah may expose infants, children, and adults to non-cancer health concerns. Infants and children are more vulnerable to non-carcinogenic health risks than adults, possibly due to their lower body weight. Immediate attention and remedial measures must be implemented to protect residents from the adverse effects of F- in the study area.

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Campanian–Maastrichtian unconformities and rudist diagenesis, Aruma Formation, central Saudi Arabia

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Isotope stratigraphy (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,¹³C) and depositional sequences of the Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia: Implications to eustatic sea‐level changes

Isotope stratigraphy (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,¹³C) and depositional sequences of the Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia: Implications to eustatic sea‐level changes

Biofacies and diagenetic alterations of the Pleistocene coral reefs, northwest Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia

Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate and Fluoride in the Groundwater of Central Saudi Arabia

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Campanian–Maastrichtian unconformities and rudist diagenesis, Aruma Formation, central Saudi Arabia

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Isotope stratigraphy (87Sr/86Sr,13C) and depositional sequences of the Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia: Implications to eustatic sea‐level changes

Isotope stratigraphy (87Sr/86Sr,13C) and depositional sequences of the Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia: Implications to eustatic sea‐level changes

Biofacies and diagenetic alterations of the Pleistocene coral reefs, northwest Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia

Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate and Fluoride in the Groundwater of Central Saudi Arabia

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Isotope stratigraphy (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,¹³C) and depositional sequences of the Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia: Implications to eustatic sea‐level changes

Isotope stratigraphy (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,¹³C) and depositional sequences of the Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia: Implications to eustatic sea‐level changes