Campanian Pottery; The Nature of the Black Coating

Maggetti, Marino; Galetti, G.; Schwander, H.; Picon, Maurice; Wessicken, R.

doi:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1981.tb00306.x

Cited by 74 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Attic vases, red Terra Sigillata, Campanian pottery, etc. ), but unfortunately only 34,35 In Fig. 5, the microchemical structures of polished crosssections of a black and a coral red gloss are shown by backscattered electron (BSE) images.…”

Section: Microchemical Nature Of Black and Coral Red Glosses On Atticmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of surface analytical techniques for the microchemical study of archaeological artefacts

Ingo

Angelini

Bultrini

et al. 2002

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Since the 18th century many analytical methods have been used to identify the chemical composition of archaeological artefacts, the provenance of the raw materials and the technical aspects of the manufacturing process. These techniques generally probe the bulk chemical and structural features of the objects and overlook surface characteristics often essential for understanding the manufacturing techniques and the ageing processes. This work describes the contribution of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) combined with bulk analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy + energy − dispersive spectrometry (SEM + EDS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) by discussing the origin of the embrittlement of some selected series of silver Republican Roman coins and the study of the microchemical nature of black and coral red glosses on Attic figured vases. The results show that XPS, if allowance is made for contamination or unrepresentative or non-homogeneous samples, complements the existing bulk analytical techniques and can provide detailed information about the surface chemical nature of the archaeological objects, as well as about their present state, and lead to recommendations for restoration and preservation.

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Section: Microchemical Nature Of Black and Coral Red Glosses On Atticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,34,35 Indeed, the glossy coatings have been widely used in ancient times for pottery decoration (e.g. Attic vases, red Terra Sigillata, Campanian pottery, etc.…”

Section: Microchemical Nature Of Black and Coral Red Glosses On Atticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of surface analytical techniques for the microchemical study of archaeological artefacts

Ingo

Angelini

Bultrini

et al. 2002

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…As regards the Mediterranean area, abundant investigations have been reported on some well-known examples of painting on archaeological pottery such as black (and also red) gloss especially on Attic but also southern-Italian, Etruscan and Roman ceramics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], while for other forms of decoration a site-by-site investigation is still needed. Numerous studies on the subject have been devoted in the past to the Greek civilization, as reviewed by Jones [10], while for a lot of fundamental work we are indebted to Noll [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A non-destructive spectroscopic study of the decoration of archaeological pottery: from matt-painted bichrome ceramic sherds (southern Italy, VIII-VII B.C.) to an intact Etruscan cinerary urn

Bruni

Guglielmi

Foglia

et al. 2018

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectros

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A study is presented based on the use of entirely non-destructive spectroscopic techniques to analyze the chemical composition of the painted surface layer of archaeological pottery. This study aims to define both the raw materials and the working technology of ancient potters. Energy-dispersive Xray analysis, micro-Raman spectroscopy, visible and near infrared (NIR) diffuse reflection spectroscopy and external reflection Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were applied to matt-painted bichrome pottery sherds (VIII-VII century B.C.) from the site of Incoronata near Metaponto in southern Italy. Two different raw materials, ochre and iron-rich clay, were recognized for the red decoration, while the dark areas resulted to have been obtained by the so-called manganese black technique. In any case, it was demonstrated that the decoration was applied before firing, in spite of its sometimes grainy aspect that could suggest a post-firing application. For the samples with a more sophisticated decorative pattern a red/black/white polychromy was recognized, as the lighter areas correspond to an "intentional white" obtained by the firing of a calcium-rich clay. Reflection spectroscopy in the visible-NIR and mid-IR as well as micro-Raman spectroscopy were then employed to characterize the decoration of an intact ceramic urn from the Etruscan town of Chiusi, evidencing a post-firing painting based on the use of red ochre, carbon black and lime, possibly imitating the "fresco" technique used in wall paintings.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] From settling and decantation of the starting clay, a liquid slip was prepared. Vessels were either painted or dipped into this liquid clay slip before firing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse engineering the ancient ceramic technology based on X-ray fluorescence spectromicroscopy

Sciau

Leon

Goudeau

et al. 2011

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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We present results of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microprobe analyses of ancient ceramic cross-sections aiming at deciphering the different firing protocols used for their production. Micro-focused XRF elemental mapping, Fe chemical mapping and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy were performed on pre-sigillata ceramics from southern Gaul, and terra Sigillata vessels from Italy and southern Gaul. Pieces from the different workshops and regions showed significant difference in the starting clay material, clay conditioning and kiln firing condition. By contrast, sherds from the same workshop exhibited more subtle differences and possible misfirings. Understanding the precise firing conditions and protocols would allow recreation of kilns for various productions. Furthermore, evolution and modification of kiln design would shed some light on how ancient potters devised solutions to diverse technological problems they encountered.

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Campanian Pottery; The Nature of the Black Coating

Cited by 74 publications

References 10 publications

Contribution of surface analytical techniques for the microchemical study of archaeological artefacts

Contribution of surface analytical techniques for the microchemical study of archaeological artefacts

A non-destructive spectroscopic study of the decoration of archaeological pottery: from matt-painted bichrome ceramic sherds (southern Italy, VIII-VII B.C.) to an intact Etruscan cinerary urn

Reverse engineering the ancient ceramic technology based on X-ray fluorescence spectromicroscopy

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