Campo rupestre recém-queimado na Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil: plantas de rebrota e sementes, com espécies endêmicas na rocha

Neves, Sâmia Paula Santos; Conceição, Abel Augusto

doi:10.1590/s0102-33062010000300013

Cited by 51 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A number of floristic studies have already been undertaken in the Chapada Diamantina, including those considering: campo rupestre (Conceição et al, 2007;Neves and Conceição, 2010), cerrado (Costa et al, 2009), caatinga (Lima andLima, 1998), submontane seasonal semi-deciduous forest, upper montane forest, and gallery forest (Funch et al, 2008;Nascimento et al, 2010;Couto et al, 2011). Rapid ecological surveys of diverse vegetation types have also been undertaken (Harley et al, 2005;Juncá et al, 2005;Funch et al, 2009), although most of the studies considered only be shrub-arboreal layer and/or made collections on irregular schedules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the most important factors determining different vegetation types in the Chapada Diamantina, Brazil?

Neves

Funch²,

Conceição

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Biol.

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A transect was used to examine the environmental and biological descriptors of a compact vegetation mosaic in the Chapada Diamantina in northeastern Brazil, including the floristic composition, spectrum of plant life forms, rainfall, and soil properties that defined areas of cerrado (Brazilian savanna), caatinga (seasonally dry tropical forest thorny, deciduous shrub/arboreal vegetation) and cerrado-caatinga transition vegetation. The floristic survey was made monthly from April/2009 to March/2012. A dendrogram of similarity was generated using the Jaccard Index based on a matrix of the species that occurred in at least two of the vegetation types examined. The proportions of life forms in each vegetation type were compared using the chi-square test. Composite soil samples were analyzed by simple variance (ANOVA) to examine relationships between soil parameters of each vegetation type and the transition area. The monthly precipitation levels in each vegetation type were measured and compared using the chi-square test. A total of 323 species of angiosperms were collected distributed in 193 genera and 54 families. The dendrogram demonstrated strong difference between the floristic compositions of the cerrado and caatinga, sharing 2% similarity. The chi-square test did not demonstrate any significant statistical differences between the monthly values of recorded rainfall. The organic matter and clay contents of the soilsin the caatinga increased while sand decreased, and the proportions of therophyte, hemicryptophyte, and chamaephyte life forms decreased and phanerophytes increased. We can therefore conclude that the floristic composition and the spectrum of life forms combined to define the cerrado and caatinga vegetation along the transect examined, with soil being the principal conditioning factor determining the different vegetation types, independent of precipitation levels.Keywords: Savanna, seasonally dry tropical forest, biological spectrum, soil, rainfall. Quais são os fatores mais importantes na determinação de diferentes tipos de vegetação na Chapada Diamantina, Brasil? ResumoFoi estabelecida uma transecção para examinar descritores ambientais e biológicos em uma área compacta de vegetação em mosaico na Chapada Diamantina, Nordeste do Brasil. A composição florística, espectro de formas de vida, precipitação e propriedades do solo foram avaliadas na transecção entre cerrado (savana brasileira) e caatinga (floresta tropical sazonalmente seca espinhosa, vegetação arbustivo-arbórea decídua), separados por vegetação de transição cerrado-caatinga. O levantamento florístico foi realizado mensalmente de abril de 2009 a março de 2012. Foi feita análise de agrupamento a fim de determinar a similaridade entre as fisionomias de cerrado, a caatinga e a transição cerrado-caatinga. As proporções de formas de vida foram comparadas utilizando o teste qui-quadrado. Amostras compostas de solo foram analisadas por variância simples (ANOVA) testando a existência de diferenças entre os solos de cada tipo de vegetação....

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the most important factors determining different vegetation types in the Chapada Diamantina, Brazil?

Neves

Funch²,

Conceição

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Biol.

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“…Campo rupestre is a vegetation characterized by shrubby-herbaceous species growing on mountains of quartzite and sandstone in the Brazilian states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Bahia and Goiás, predominantly in areas with about 900 m altitude (Neves and Conceição 2010). This Cerrado physiognomy presents a highly diverse and endemic flora with a high number of endangered species (Echternacht et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of underground reserve organs is a distinct characteristic of several herbaceous species in the campo rupestre, which provides a rapid sprouting after fire (Neves andConceição 2010, Hoffmann et al 2012). In general, underground organs accumulate carbohydrates such as starch, sucrose, oligosaccharides and soluble polysaccharides when the production of photoassimilates exceeds the demand (Pollock 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and fructan distribution in vegetative organs of Dimerostemma vestitum (Asteraceae) from the campos rupestres

Silva¹,

Vilhalva²,

Moraes³

et al. 2015

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Among the compounds stored by plants, several functions are assigned to fructans, such as source of energy and protection against drought and extreme temperatures. In the present study we analyzed the anatomy and distribution of fructans in vegetative organs of Dimerostemma vestitum (Asteraceae), an endemic species from the Brazilian campos rupestres. D. vestitum has amphistomatic and pubescent leaves, with both glandular and non-glandular trichomes. In the basal aerial stem the medulla has two types of parenchyma, which differ from the apical portion. The xylopodium has mixed anatomical origin. Interestingly, although inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization were found in all analyzed organs except the leaves, the highest amount and maximum degree of polymerization were detected in the xylopodium. Inulin sphero-crystals were visualized under polarized light in the medulla and in the vascular tissues mainly in the central region of the xylopodium, which has abundant xylem parenchyma. Secretory structures accumulating several compounds but not inulin were identified within all the vegetative organs. The presence of these compounds, in addition to inulin, might be related to the strategies of plants to survive adverse conditions in a semi-arid region, affected seasonally by water restriction and frequently by fire.

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“…A ausência de M. minutiflora em áreas afetadas por incêndios (Neves & Conceição 2010) é uma evidência do fogo como fator natural dos campos rupestres e salienta as diferenças dos campos rupestres estabelecidos em áreas garimpadas. Não é possível saber se essa espécie está em processo de expansão nos campos rupestres de Igatu, ameaçando essa vegetação na região, ou se M. minutiflora está sendo gradativamente excluída nessas áreas em regeneração há 15 anos da interrupção do garimpo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Apesar dos impactos negativos causados pelo garimpo em Igatu (Santos et al 2010), estudos na Chapada Diamantina demonstram que os campos rupestres são resilientes à perturbação decorrente deste tipo de atividade (Neves & Conceição 2007) e ao distúrbio por incêndios (Neves & Conceição 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Vegetação endêmica e espécie invasora em campos rupestres de áreas garimpadas

et al. 2015

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ResumoCampos rupestres constituem uma vegetação típica de montanhas da Cadeia do Espinhaço e com elevado grau de endemismo de plantas, contendo algumas áreas com histórico de perturbações por garimpo e pisoteio. O presente estudo foca em duas perguntas principais: 1) Campos rupestres que foram perturbados pelo garimpo há cerca de 15 anos atrás possuem composição florística e estrutura similares a áreas sem perturbação? 2) A riqueza e abundância de espécies exóticas invasoras e de espécies nativas de ampla distribuição tendem a ser mais elevadas nessas áreas garimpadas ou pisoteadas? Quatro campos rupestres foram amostrados em Igatu, Andaraí, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil: dois onde a atividade de garimpo cessou há 15 anos, um sob perturbação atual por pisoteio, mas sem histórico de garimpo e outro em uma área conservada (vegetação amostrada por 16 parcelas de 10x10 m, quatro em cada área). A distribuição geográfica das espécies foram determinadas com base na literatura e análises de classificação e ordenação foram feitas. A composição florística dos campos rupestres foi afetada pelas perturbações, mas apenas a perturbação por garimpo teve efeito marcante sobre a estrutura da vegetação. Espécies de ampla distribuição mais generalistas e a espécie invasora Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. foram restritas às áreas perturbadas, mostrando a necessidade de monitoramento de espécies invasoras nas áreas garimpadas do Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina. Palavras-chave: Chapada Diamantina; conservação da biodiversidade; espécie ruderal; perturbação; regeneração vegetal AbstractThe rupestrian grasslands vegetation occurs at the mountaintops of the Espinhaço Range harboring high number of endemic plant species. Despite its importance, some areas of rupestrian grasslands are under anthropogenic disturbance due to mining and trampling. The present study had two main questions: 1) Are the floristic composition and structure of rupestrian grasslands in areas impacted by mining similar to areas not subjected to mining? Are there tendencies to increase the abundances of exotic invasive and wild widespread plant species in areas impacted by mining or trampling? To evaluate our questions we sampled four rocky grasslands in Igatu, Andaraí, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil: two areas where the mining activities stopped 15 years ago, one area under current disturbance due to trampling, but without mining historic, and a fourth area which is well conserved. The vegetation was sampled in 16 10x10 m plots, four in each site. The geographic distribution of each species was defined based in the literature. Cluster and ordination analysis were performed. We conclude that the floristic composition of the sites was affected by previous and current disturbances, but only the mining disturbance had strong effect in vegetation structure, with the conserved area harboring a great part of the Brazilian endemic species. The exotic and invasive plant Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. occurred only at the disturbed sites, mainly in the mined sites, st...

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Campo rupestre recém-queimado na Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil: plantas de rebrota e sementes, com espécies endêmicas na rocha

Cited by 51 publications

References 21 publications

What are the most important factors determining different vegetation types in the Chapada Diamantina, Brazil?

What are the most important factors determining different vegetation types in the Chapada Diamantina, Brazil?

Anatomy and fructan distribution in vegetative organs of Dimerostemma vestitum (Asteraceae) from the campos rupestres

Vegetação endêmica e espécie invasora em campos rupestres de áreas garimpadas

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