Campylobacter jejuni Biofilm Formation Under Aerobic Conditions and Inhibition by ZnO Nanoparticles

Abstract

Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen worldwide. As it forms biofilms, it can become a persistent contaminant in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, it was demonstrated that C. jejuni could make more biofilm in aerobic conditions than in microaerobic conditions, and only 13.9% C. jejuni entered coccus (a VBNC state) under microaerobic conditions; however, the rate increased to 95.5% under aerobic conditions. C. jejuni could form more biofilm in mixed culture with Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa than in pure culture. Scanning electron microscope results showed that C. jejuni retained its normal spiral shape under aerobic conditions for 48 h by forming crosslinks with the aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. Additionally, culture medium containing 0.5 mg/ml ZnO nanoparticles inhibited biofilm formation. Our results provide information on a new approach to controlling contamination via C. jejuni.

Biofilm formation and extracellular microvesicles—The way of foodborne pathogens toward resistance

“…According to Zhong et al. [82], and in agreement with Teh et al. [80], C. jejuni biofilm formation is supported by growing in mixed culture with biofilm building E. coli or P. aeruginosa .…”

“…[79] above), these authors also noticed that this biofilm forming strain was growing under aerobic conditions. According to Zhong et al [82], and in agreement with Teh et al [80], C. jejuni biofilm formation is supported by growing in mixed culture with biofilm building E. coli or P. aeruginosa. Already in 2006, Kalmokoff et al [34] performed an analysis of C. jejuni biofilm.…”

Adhesion, Biofilm Formation, and luxS Sequencing of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated From Water in the Czech Republic

“…biofilms focused mainly on cultivation under standard laboratory conditions or under artificial stress ( Reuter et al., 2010 ; Oh et al., 2016 ; Melo et al., 2017 ). Biofilms were mostly characterized by semiquantitative analysis using crystal violet, which generally provides a comparative characteristic of different isolates, however, it does not provide information about the biofilm structure ( Gunther and Chen, 2009 ; Teh et al., 2010 ; Zhong et al., 2020 ). Studies that described structural elements of biofilms using CLSM ( Sanders et al., 2007 ; Ica et al., 2012 ; Bronnec et al., 2016 ), in turn, did not perform a comparative characterization of biofilms formed by isolates with different backgrounds.…”

Small-scaled association between ambient temperature and campylobacteriosis incidence in Germany

“…For protection against adverse atmospheric conditions and to create a microaerophilic habitat, Campylobacter spp. forms biofilms and a variety of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (KatA) 12 – 16 . As a response to heat stress, Campylobacter spp.…”

“…www.nature.com/scientificreports/ a variety of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (KatA) [12][13][14][15][16] . As a response to heat stress, Campylobacter spp.…”