Campylobacter spp. in conventional broiler flocks in Northern Ireland: Epidemiology and risk factors

McDowell, S.W.J.; Menzies, F. D.; McBride, S. H.; Oza, A.; McKenna, James; Gordon, Alan; Neill, S.D.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.12.010

Cited by 88 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The risk also increases with the number of houses onsite, even when an all-in all-out system of rearing is used. In Northern Ireland (54) and France (68,69), the infection risk increased when there were three or more houses on the same site (odds ratio [OR], 2.4 and 13.2, respectively), while in the Netherlands, farms with five or more houses had an elevated risk (OR, 3.02) (11), and in Great Britain, flocks on farms with up to eight houses were at high risk (26).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosecurity-Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp. on Poultry Farms

Newell

Elvers

Döpfer

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

218

200

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The prevention and control of Campylobacter colonization of poultry flocks are important public health strategies for the control of human campylobacteriosis. A critical review of the literature on interventions to control Campylobacter in poultry on farms was undertaken using a systematic approach. Although the focus of the review was on aspects appropriate to the United Kingdom poultry industry, the research reviewed was gathered from worldwide literature. Multiple electronic databases were employed to search the literature, in any language, from 1980 to September 2008. A primary set of 4,316 references was identified and scanned, using specific agreed-upon criteria, to select relevant references related to biosecurity-based interventions. The final library comprised 173 references. Identification of the sources of Campylobacter in poultry flocks was required to inform the development of targeted interventions to disrupt transmission routes. The approach used generally involved risk factor-based surveys related to culture-positive or -negative flocks, usually combined with a structured questionnaire. In addition, some studies, either in combination or independently, undertook intervention trials. Many of these studies were compromised by poor design, sampling, and statistical analysis. The evidence for each potential source and route of transmission on the poultry farm was reviewed critically, and the options for intervention were considered. The review concluded that, in most instances, biosecurity on conventional broiler farms can be enhanced and this should contribute to the reduction of flock colonization. However, complementary, non-biosecurity-based approaches will also be required in the future to maximize the reduction of Campylobacter-positive flocks at the farm level.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosecurity-Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp. on Poultry Farms

Newell

Elvers

Döpfer

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

218

200

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“…However, before such measures can be introduced, the key farm-level environmental sources of flock infection must be identified. Farm-level epidemiological survey-based studies have identified a number of important risk factors for infection of broiler flocks (4,15,22,24) and in recent systematic reviews (1; http://www.foodbase.org.uk/results.php?f_category_idϭ &f_report%20idϭ384) of available literature, the most important risk factors identified included the age of the flock, the use of staggered slaughter, the presence of multiple broiler houses, farmworkers, and other livestock on the farm. Molecular epidemiological investigations have provided supporting evidence for the role of farm surrounds and onfarm puddles (5,20), flies (16), transport crates (17), and broiler house water systems (30) as sources.…”

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confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Molecular Epidemiological Study of Thermophilic Campylobacters on One Conventional Broiler Chicken Farm

Ridley¹,

Morris

Cawthraw³

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Improved understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of Campylobacter in the poultry farm environment is key to developing appropriate farm-based strategies for preventing flock colonization. The sources of Campylobacter causing broiler flock colonization were investigated on one poultry farm and its environment, from which samples were obtained on three occasions during each of 15 crop cycles. The farm was adjacent to a dairy farm, with which there was a shared concreted area and secondary entrance. There was considerable variation in the Campylobacter status of flocks at the various sampling times, at median ages of 20, 26, and 35 days, with 3 of the 15 flocks remaining negative at slaughter. Campylobacters were recoverable from various locations around the farm, even while the flock was Campylobacter negative, but the degree of environmental contamination increased substantially once the flock was positive. Molecular typing showed that strains from house surroundings and the dairy farm were similar to those subsequently detected in the flock and that several strains intermittently persisted through multiple crop cycles. The longitudinal nature of the study suggested that bovine fecal Campylobacter strains, initially recovered from the dairy yard, may subsequently colonize poultry. One such strain, despite being repeatedly recovered from the dairy areas, failed to colonize the concomitant flock during later crop cycles. The possibility of host adaptation of this strain was investigated with 16-day-old chickens experimentally exposed to this strain naturally present in, or spiked into, bovine feces. Although the birds became colonized by this infection model, the strain may preferentially infect cattle. The presence of Campylobacter genotypes in the external environment of the poultry farm, prior to their detection in broiler chickens, confirms the horizontal transmission of these bacteria into the flock and highlights the risk from multispecies farms.

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“…Table 4 Multivariable model of risk factors for the occurrence of Campylobacter at first depopulation in 354 conventional broiler flocks in Northern Ireland, June 2001 to May 200298 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explanation and Elaboration Document for the STROBE‐Vet Statement: Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology—Veterinary Extension

O’Connor

Sargeant

Dohoo

et al. 2016

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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The STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) statement was first published in 2007 and again in 2014. The purpose of the original STROBE was to provide guidance for authors, reviewers, and editors to improve the comprehensiveness of reporting; however, STROBE has a unique focus on observational studies. Although much of the guidance provided by the original STROBE document is directly applicable, it was deemed useful to map those statements to veterinary concepts, provide veterinary examples, and highlight unique aspects of reporting in veterinary observational studies. Here, we present the examples and explanations for the checklist items included in the STROBE‐Vet statement. Thus, this is a companion document to the STROBE‐Vet statement methods and process document (JVIM_14575 “Methods and Processes of Developing the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology—Veterinary (STROBE‐Vet) Statement” undergoing proofing), which describes the checklist and how it was developed.

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Campylobacter spp. in conventional broiler flocks in Northern Ireland: Epidemiology and risk factors

Cited by 88 publications

References 46 publications

Biosecurity-Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp. on Poultry Farms

Biosecurity-Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp. on Poultry Farms

Longitudinal Molecular Epidemiological Study of Thermophilic Campylobacters on One Conventional Broiler Chicken Farm

Explanation and Elaboration Document for the STROBE‐Vet Statement: Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology—Veterinary Extension

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