Can a Personality Trait Predict Talk About Science?

Hwang, Yong Woo; Southwell, Brian

doi:10.1177/1075547007308599

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Specifically, there was a tendency for users and intenders to share in a direction that supported their current behavior or intentions. These results are in line with findings from previous studies that show people are generally more likely to talk about personally relevant issues (Hwang & Southwell, 2007) and show they also hold true in the context of tobacco and e-cigarette communication. Furthermore, relevance predicted sharing in the long run, but only for e-cigarettes: given that more than two-thirds of e-cigarette sharers tended to share either positive or a mix of positive and negative content, and considering that e-cigarettes are relatively novel products, it may be that current e-cigarette users and intenders are regularly sharing e-cigarette-related content in order to gain some validation of their vaping behavior or intentions, or to obtain more information about the benefits and/or consequences of vaping.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The second class of predictors was perceived topical relevance. Research has consistently shown that people are likely to invest more effort into talking about information that they deem relevant to themselves (Hwang & Southwell, 2007; Southwell, 2013). People tend to talk about identity-relevant topics, either as a way to manage and maintain one’s impression (Berger, 2014) or simply because personally relevant topics are most frequently thought about and therefore, most salient (Leippe & Elkin, 1987; Southwell, 2005).…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sharing Tobacco and E-Cigarette Information: Predicting its Occurrence and Valence among Youth and Young Adults

Jeong

2017

Health Communication

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While interpersonal communication has been shown to influence smoking-related outcomes, mostly in the context of interventions, there is not much research showing what drives young people to talk about tobacco or e-cigarettes. Additionally, the changing media environment calls for research that expands the scope of what is included as interpersonal communication to include not just conversations but also online forms of communicating information. This study puts forth sharing as such a concept, and examines its prevalence and predictors in the context of tobacco and e-cigarette information. Using a nationally representative rolling cross-sectional (N = 9,115) and recontact (N = 2,413) survey of 13-25-year olds, this study found that most young people shared negatively about tobacco (56% of 1,514 tobacco sharers at Time 1) and mixed information about e-cigarettes (41% of 968 e-cigarette sharers). Sharing occurrence was predicted by topical relevance and recent exposure to information, while pro-tobacco and pro-e-cigarette sharing (compared to no sharing) were predicted by relevance, and descriptive and injunctive norms. Significant moderation analyses showed that perceived norms undermined the effect of relevance on the valence in which one shared about tobacco and e-cigarettes. These findings provide a foundation upon which to build subsequent research on the impact of sharing, which could help inform future tobacco and e-cigarette control efforts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharing Tobacco and E-Cigarette Information: Predicting its Occurrence and Valence among Youth and Young Adults

Jeong

2017

Health Communication

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“…Prior work finds that individual differences (e.g., demographic characteristics) can influence the likelihood of engaging in certain types of conversations (e.g., about science) [32]. As many households include occupants of different genders, it is necessary to consider the potential role of gender in household interactions around thermal comfort.…”

Section: Variation In Thermal Comfort Preferences Across Occupantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermostat wars? The roles of gender and thermal comfort negotiations in household energy use behavior

2019

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Although advanced thermostat technologies offer energy efficiency potential, these devices alone do not guarantee savings. Household occupants often deviate from thermostat programs, perhaps due to differing thermal comfort preferences, which are strong drivers of residential energy use and vary across genders. This study aims to develop an initial typology of interpersonal interactions around thermal comfort, explore the role of gender in such interactions, and examine the impacts of interactions on thermostat adjustments. Using n = 1568 diary observations collected from 112 participants, we identify three interaction types: conflicts, compromises, and agreements. Fixed effects analyses find that women are marginally more likely to report engaging in conflicts, whereas men are significantly more likely to report engaging in agreements and compromises, both of which are associated with greater likelihood of adjusting thermostats within a given day. This work represents an early step in investigating the multiply determined nature of household energy decisions.

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“…Finally, personality psychologists have recognised that people vary in sensation‐seeking, ‘a trait defined by the seeking of varied, novel, complex, and intense sensations and experiences, and the willingness to take physical, social, legal, and financial risks for the sake of such experiences’ (Zuckerman, 1994 , p. 27). This trait implies that some people find anxiety‐provoking and uncertain situations rewarding, which pertains not only to genuinely risky behaviours (e.g., extreme sports; gambling) but also to risk‐free activities that bring excitement, novelty, and intense emotions such as attending scary movies, playing chess, and talking about science (Hwang & Southwell, 2007 ; Joireman, Fick, & Anderson, 2002 ; Morris & Griffiths, 2013 ; Roberti, 2004 ; Zuckerman, 1994 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The entertainment value of conspiracy theories

Prooijen

Ligthart

Rosema

et al. 2021

British J of Psychology

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Many citizens around the globe believe conspiracy theories. Why are conspiracy theories so appealing? Here, we propose that conspiracy theories elicit intense emotions independent of emotional valence. People therefore find conspiracy theories entertaining that is, narratives that people perceive as interesting, exciting, and attention-grabbingand such entertainment appraisals are positively associated with belief in them. Five studies supported these ideas. Participants were exposed to either a conspiratorial or a non-conspiratorial text about the Notre Dame fire (Study 1) or the death of Jeffrey Epstein (preregistered Study 2). The conspiratorial text elicited stronger entertainment appraisals and intense emotions (independent of emotional valence) than the nonconspiratorial text; moreover, entertainment appraisals mediated the effects of the manipulation on conspiracy beliefs. Study 3 indicated that participants endorsed stronger conspiracy beliefs when an election event was described in an entertaining rather than a boring manner. Subsequent findings revealed that both organisational (Study 4) and societal conspiracy beliefs (Study 5) are positively associated with sensation seekinga trait characterised by a preference for exciting and intense experiences. We conclude that one reason why people believe conspiracy theories is because they find them entertaining.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Can a Personality Trait Predict Talk About Science?

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Sharing Tobacco and E-Cigarette Information: Predicting its Occurrence and Valence among Youth and Young Adults

Sharing Tobacco and E-Cigarette Information: Predicting its Occurrence and Valence among Youth and Young Adults

Thermostat wars? The roles of gender and thermal comfort negotiations in household energy use behavior

The entertainment value of conspiracy theories

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