Can achene selection in sunflower crop–wild hybrids by pre-dispersal seed predators hasten the return to phenotypically wild sunflowers?

Presotto, Alejandro; Pandolfo, Claudio Ezequiel; Poverene, María Mónica; Cantamutto, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.1007/s10681-015-1579-9

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In undisturbed habitats, seeds may suffer from greater predation that could limit establishment in suitable habitats (Alexander and Schrag 2003;Chauhan et al 2006;Kröel-Dulay et al 2019). In our conditions, birds were possibly the main seed predators (Presotto et al 2016) and they were also seen on the plots after the initiation of the experiment (first author´s observation). Previous studies have found differential sunflower predation associated with seed size (i.e.…”

Section: Seed Emergence Increase With Disturbancementioning

confidence: 78%

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Seed bank dynamics of an invasive alien species, Helianthus annuus L.

Presotto

Hernández

Casquero³

et al. 2020

Journal of Plant Ecology

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Aims The ability to form persistent seed banks is one of the best predictors of species’ potential to establish in new ranges. Wild sunflower is native to North America where the formation of persistent seed banks is promoted by disturbance and it plays a key role on the establishment and persistence of native populations. However, the role of the seed banks on the establishment and persistence of invasive populations has not been studied. Here, we evaluated the role of seed bank and disturbance on the establishment and fitness, and seed persistence in the soil in several sunflower biotypes collected in ruderal (wild Helianthus annuus) and agrestal (natural crop–wild hybrid) habitats of Argentina as well as volunteer populations (progeny of commercial cultivars). Methods In a seed-bank experiment, we evaluated emergence, survival to reproduction, survival of emerged seedlings, inflorescences per plant and per plot under disturbed and undisturbed conditions over 2 years; in a seed-burial experiment, we evaluated seed persistence in the soil over four springs (6, 18, 30 and 42 months). Important Findings Overall, seedling emergence was early in the growing season (during winter), and it was promoted by disturbance, especially in the first year. Despite this, the number of inflorescences per plot was similar under both conditions, especially in ruderals. In the second year, emergence from the seed bank was much lower, but the survival rate was higher. In the seed-burial experiment, genetic differences were observed but seeds of ruderals and agrestals persisted up to 42 months while seeds of the volunteer did not persist longer than 6 months. The agrestal biotype showed an intermediate behavior between ruderals and volunteers in both experiments. Our findings showed that wild and crop–wild sunflower can form persistent seed banks outside its native range and that disturbance may facilitate its establishment in new areas.

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Section: Seed Emergence Increase With Disturbancementioning

confidence: 78%

“…Previous studies have found differential sunflower predation associated with seed size (i.e. larger seeds were eaten preferentially) (Alexander et al, 2001;Presotto et al, 2016) and/or oil content (i.e. seed with more oil content were eaten preferentially) (Dechaine et al 2010).…”

Section: Seed Emergence Increase With Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

Seed bank dynamics of an invasive alien species, Helianthus annuus L.

Presotto

Hernández

Casquero³

et al. 2020

Journal of Plant Ecology

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“…Most of these traits are considered "maladaptive" in noncultivated environments, and this could be one of the reasons for the low fitness seen in most crop-wild hybrids (Mercer, Wyse, & Shaw, 2006;Snow, Moran-Palma, Rieseberg, Wszelaki, & Seiler, 1998;Spencer & Snow, 2001;Zhi, Lu, Wang, & Jia, 2004). However, some crop-like traits, such as large leaves, numerous inflorescences and seeds, rapid growth, and self-compatibility, can be favorable in a range of environments (Arnaud, Fénart, Cordellier, & Cuguen, 2010;Baack, Sapir, Chapman, Burke, & Rieseberg, 2008;Dechaine et al, 2009;Mercer, Andow, Wyse, & Shaw, 2007), while others may increase susceptibility to herbivory (Alexander, Cummings, Kahn, & Snow, 2001;Dechaine et al, 2009;Presotto, Pandolfo, Poverene, & Cantamutto, 2016). Thus, introgression of crop-like traits into wild populations may be beneficial or detrimental depending on the trait and the species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic selection under two contrasting environments in wild sunflower and its crop–wild hybrid

Presotto

Hernández

Mercer

2019

Evolutionary Applications

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Hybridization is a common phenomenon in plants and can lead to the introgression of alleles from one population into another, generate new hybrid lineages, or cause species extinction. The environmental conditions and the genetic background of the participating populations may influence these outcomes since they can affect the fitness of hybrids, thereby increasing or decreasing the chances of introgression. Thus, it is important to understand the context‐dependent prospects for introgression of alleles into diverse populations and under multiple ecological environments. Crop–wild hybridization presents an opportunity to explore these dynamics in agroecosystems. To this end, we used diverse wild and hybrid sunflowers from across the northern United States as a basis for evaluating variation in morphological traits and assessing context‐dependent selection. These crop–wild hybrids and their wild counterparts were grown under agricultural conditions in the field with and without wheat competition. Interactions between origin and cross type affected expression of early functional traits, while interactions between competition and cross type acted on reproductive traits. A smattering of early and reproductive traits was affected by interactions between cross type and competition that varied by origin (i.e., 3‐way interactions). Seven functional traits, especially number of branches and tertiary head diameter, underwent net and direct directional selection, while six out of these seven traits appear to also be experiencing nonlinear selection dynamics. In general, wild‐like traits were favored under both sets of conditions, while, under wheat competition, some crop‐like traits related to fast growth and primary head diameter became important. These data reaffirm the hypothesis that stressful conditions establish a scenario more suitable for crop introgression and clarify that nonlinear selection dynamics may play a role in this process.

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“…2001; Presotto et al . 2016). Second, in the soil seed bank, seed persistence is influenced by seed characteristics (seed size, dormancy, longevity), by local climate (temperature, humidity) and by external factors such as human disturbance with agricultural machinery (Presotto et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal control of early life history traits affects overwinter survival and seedling phenotypes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

et al. 2021

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When cultivated and wild plants hybridize, hybrids often show intermediate phenotypic traits relative to their parents, which makes them unfit in natural environments. However, maternal genetic effects may affect the outcome of hybridization by controlling expression of the earliest life history traits. Here, using wild, cultivated and reciprocal crop–wild sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids, we evaluated the maternal effects on emergence timing and seedling establishment in the field and on seedling traits under controlled conditions. In the field, we evaluated reciprocal crop–wild hybrids between two wild populations with contrasting dormancy (the high dormant BAR and the low dormant DIA) and one cultivar (CROP) with low dormancy. Under controlled conditions, we evaluated reciprocal crop–wild hybrids between two wild populations (BAR and RCU) and one CROP under three contrasting temperature treatments. In the field, BAR overwintered as dormant seeds whereas DIA and CROP showed high autumn emergence (~50% of planted seeds), resulting in differential overwinter survival and seedling establishment in the spring. Reciprocal crop–wild hybrids resembled their female parents in emergence timing and success of seedling establishment. Under controlled conditions, we observed large maternal effects on most seedling traits across temperatures. Cotyledon size explained most of the variation in seedling traits, suggesting that the maternal effects on seed size have cascading effects on seedling traits. Maternal effects on early life history traits affect early plant survival and phenotypic variation of crop–wild hybrids, thus, they should be addressed in hybridization studies, especially those involving highly divergent parents, such as cultivated species and their wild ancestors.

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Can achene selection in sunflower crop–wild hybrids by pre-dispersal seed predators hasten the return to phenotypically wild sunflowers?

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Seed bank dynamics of an invasive alien species, Helianthus annuus L.

Seed bank dynamics of an invasive alien species, Helianthus annuus L.

Phenotypic selection under two contrasting environments in wild sunflower and its crop–wild hybrid

Maternal control of early life history traits affects overwinter survival and seedling phenotypes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

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