Can artificial reefs mimic natural reef communities? The roles of structural features and age

Perkol-Finkel, Shimrit; Shashar, Nadav; Benayahu, Yehuda

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2005.08.001

Cited by 184 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, the 23 species only occurring on the pillars were all indigenous to the area. Notably, the vertical rock walls have a diVerent surface roughness, material and history and it is not likely that the same type of assemblages will develop over time on the pillars (see Glasby 1999b;Bulleri et al 2005;Perkol-Finkel et al 2006). Further, the individual pillars are smaller in size than the vertical rock walls and both hydrodynamics and light availability are diVerent.…”

Section: Recruitment and Succession Of Epibenthos On Pilingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By adding such structures to the aquatic environment, habitat composition is altered and as a result, the local Xora and fauna may change. Marine life has been noticed to be inXuenced by the presence of bridges, shipwrecks, oil rigs, piers, pontoons and wind turbine foundations (Bacchiocchi and Airoldi 2003;Perkol-Finkel et al 2006;Petersen and Malm 2006;Wilhelmsson et al 1998Wilhelmsson et al , 2006a. In addition, submerged materials including artiWcial reefs and Wsh aggregations devices are applied worldwide to locally increase production and aggregate aquatic life or to restore damaged reefs (Rilov and Benayahu 1998;Nelson 2003;Girard et al 2004;Reed et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge is needed about their ecological eVect in order for environmental managers to make ecologically correct decisions about managing urbanized coastal areas. In addition, large infrastructural structures should not be regarded as surrogates for natural substrates since the epibenthic assemblages on these surfaces are shown to diVer compared to assemblages on natural hard substrates (Connell 2001;Badalamenti et al 2002;Bulleri et al 2005;Perkol-Finkel et al 2006). However, there are few experimental that use standardized units of diVerent materials to evaluate the eVect of diVerent substrates on the development of the epibenthic assemblage (but see Chapman and Clynick 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epibenthic colonization of concrete and steel pilings in a cold-temperate embayment: a field experiment

et al. 2009

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With large-scale development of oVshore wind farms, vertical structures are becoming more common in open water areas. To examine how vertical structures of diVerent materials may be colonized by epibenthic organisms, an experiment was carried out using steel and concrete pilings constructed to resemble those commonly used in wind farm constructions as well as in bridges, jetties and oil platforms. The early recruitment and succession of the epibenthic communities were sampled once a month for the Wrst 5 months and then again after 1 year. Further, the Wsh assemblages associated with the pillars were sampled and compared to natural areas. The main epibenthic species groups, in terms of coverage, diVered between the two materials at Wve out of six sampling occasions. Dominant organisms on steel pillars were the barnacle Balanus improvisus, the calcareous tubeworm Pomatoceros triqueter and the tunicate Ciona intestinalis. On the concrete pillars, the hydroid Laomedea sp. and the tunicates Corella parallelogramma and Ascidiella spp. dominated. However, there was no diVerent in coverage at diVerent heights on the pillars or in biomass and species abundance at diVerent directions (north-east or south-west) 5 months after submergence. Fish showed overall higher abundances and species numbers on the pillars (but no diVerence between steel and concrete) compared to the surrounding soft bottom habitats but not compared to natural vertical rock walls. Two species were attracted to the pillars, indicating a reef eVect; Gobiusculus Xavescens and Ctenolabrus rupestris. The bottom-dwelling gobies, Pomatoschistus spp., did not show such preferences.

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Section: Recruitment and Succession Of Epibenthos On Pilingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epibenthic colonization of concrete and steel pilings in a cold-temperate embayment: a field experiment

et al. 2009

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“…This is not a surprising finding as the associated biota on artificial reefs and neighboring natural reefs invariably differ in some degree [7,11,16]. Removal of the tire reef, while a worthwhile restoration effort, will likely impact existing fish and coral populations, which are extensive in the area of the tire reef as well as neighboring reef tracts.…”

Section: Reef / Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morley

Sherman

Jordan

et al. 2008

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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In 1967, Broward County, Florida resource managers initiated a project to construct an artificial reef using an estimated two million unballasted waste vehicle tires. These tires were deployed in bundles approximately 1.8km offshore in 21m of water. Over time, the bundle bindings failed and the tires have moved extensively, some displaced kilometers from their original location. The loose tires have physically damaged benthic reef fauna on the natural reef, including corals that have recruited onto individual tires. Due to the biological damage caused by the mobile tires, a large-scale removal plan has been initiated. To assess damage, and to acquire a baseline to evaluate the effectiveness of the tire removal, an examination of existing biota was accomplished. Live corals were absent on the natural substrate of the Middle reef edge buried by tires. However, on tires the abundance of corals is similar to that found on neighboring hardbottom reef tracts. Likewise, fish abundance and richness on the tire reef is similar to bordering natural reef tracts. Significantly higher fish abundance was found along the edge where tires were present, than on control sites. Future monitoring will determine what changes in reef biota resulted from the removal operation and the effectiveness of the attempted restoration.

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“…Artificial structures are colonized by the most competitive assemblages of floral and fauna species in response to a combination of physical, chemical and biological factors, from the intertidal to the shallow subtidal [5]. Number of factors (age, texture, depth, complexity, inclination and position in the water column) influences colonization of epibiota on artificial panels [6][7][8][9][10]. Vertical surfaces are more densely colonized than horizontal surface [8,11,12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Macroalgae fouling community as quality element for the evaluation of the ecological status in Vela Luka Bay, Croatia

2012

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One year qualitative and quantitative study of communities of three major taxonomic groups has been carried out at test panles placed in the upper infarlittoral zone of coastal area of Vela Luka Bay, Croatia. A list of 44 taxa was recorded. Chaetomorpha sp., Ulva sp., Fosliella farinosa, Sphacelaria cirrosa, Polysiphonia scopulorum were the most frequent dominant taxa. Among 27 algal taxa with noticeable presence only three were classified as ESG (Ecological State Groups) I. Low diversity and species richness together with massive presence of the green algae (as Ulva sp.) and negligible presence of ESG I taxa, may lead to erroneous conclusion that Vela Luka Bay is eutrophicated area. Low values of biomass and R/P (Rhodophyceae by Phaeophyceae ratio) Index together with dominance of Phaeophyta also support conclusion that there is no negative impact of nutrient enrichment on macrophyta fouling community in Vela Luka Bay.

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Can artificial reefs mimic natural reef communities? The roles of structural features and age

Cited by 184 publications

References 20 publications

Epibenthic colonization of concrete and steel pilings in a cold-temperate embayment: a field experiment

Epibenthic colonization of concrete and steel pilings in a cold-temperate embayment: a field experiment

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Macroalgae fouling community as quality element for the evaluation of the ecological status in Vela Luka Bay, Croatia

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