Can bacterial interference prevent infection?

Reid, Gregor; Howard, Jeffrey C.; Gan, Bing Siang

doi:10.1016/s0966-842x(01)02132-1

Cited by 256 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This high percentage of extraintestinal E. coli among the active strains (75%) suggests that the antibiofilm property of group II capsular polysaccharides also could play a role in the biology of these pathogens. The capsule-mediated biofilm inhibition may contribute to competitive interactions (bacterial interference) within bacterial communities encountered during the colonization process, which occurs as a continuum from initial entry via the oral route to progression through the intestine and urinary tract (10,29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-spectrum biofilm inhibition by a secreted bacterial polysaccharide

Valle

Henry

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

238

208

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The development of surface-attached biofilm bacterial communities is considered an important source of nosocomial infections. Recently, bacterial interference via signaling molecules and surface active compounds was shown to antagonize biofilm formation, suggesting that nonantibiotic molecules produced during competitive interactions between bacteria could be used for biofilm reduction. Hence, a better understanding of commensal͞pathogen interactions within bacterial community could lead to an improved control of exogenous pathogens. To reveal adhesion or growthrelated bacterial interference, we investigated interactions between uropathogenic and commensal Escherichia coli in mixed in vitro biofilms. We demonstrate here that the uropathogenic strain CFT073 and all E. coli expressing group II capsules release into their environment a soluble polysaccharide that induces physicochemical surface alterations, which prevent biofilm formation by a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We show that the treatment of abiotic surfaces with group II capsular polysaccharides drastically reduces both initial adhesion and biofilm development by important nosocomial pathogens. These findings identify capsular polymers as antiadhesion bacterial interference molecules, which may prove to be of significance in the design of new strategies to limit biofilm formation on medical in dwelling devices.bacterial interference ͉ Escherichia coli ͉ group II capsule ͉ extraintestinal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-spectrum biofilm inhibition by a secreted bacterial polysaccharide

Valle

Henry

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

238

208

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“…The use of commensal-type bacteria to inhibit pathogens has a large potential because such bacteria are often natural competitors of pathogens and they are easy to administer. Applications of commensal-type bacteria as probiotics have been shown to reduce the risk of infection in the gastrointestinal system and the urinary tract (Reid et al, 2001). However, the mode of action employed by the commensals to out-compete the pathogens is often unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm exclusion of uropathogenic bacteria by selected asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strains

2007

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Many bacterial infections are associated with biofilm formation. In the urinary tract bacterial biofilms develop on both living surfaces and artificial implants, producing chronic and often intractable infections. Escherichia coli is the most common organism associated with urinary tract infections. In contrast to uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), which cause symptomatic urinary tract infection, asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) strains are associated with essentially symptom-free infections. Here the biofilm-forming capacity on abiotic surfaces of selected E. coli ABU strains and UPEC strains in human urine was investigated. It was found that there is a strong bias for biofilm formation by the ABU strains. Not only were the ABU strains significantly better biofilm formers than UPEC strains, they were also able to out-compete UPEC strains as well as uropathogenic strains of Klebsiella spp. during biofilm formation. The results support the notion of bacterial prophylaxis employing selected ABU strains to eliminate UPEC strains and other pathogens in patients prone to recalcitrant infections. INTRODUCTIONUrinary tract infection (UTI) is a serious health problem affecting millions of people each year. It is estimated that there are about 150 million cases in the world per year (Stamm & Norrby, 2001). The recurrence rate is high and often the infections tend to become chronic with many episodes. UTI usually starts as a bladder infection but often evolves to encompass the kidneys and ultimately can result in renal failure or dissemination to the blood. UTI is the most common infection in patients with a chronic indwelling bladder catheter; bacteriuria is essentially unavoidable in this patient group (Foxman, 2002). UTI is classified into disease categories by the site of infection: cystitis (the bladder), pyelonephritis (the kidney) and bacteriuria (the urine). The colonization of urine in the absence of clinical symptoms is called asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU). ABU occurs in up to 6 % of healthy individuals and 20 % of elderly individuals. As the name implies, ABU strains generally do not cause symptoms; most patients with ABU do not need treatment and in many cases the colonizing organism actually helps to prevent infection by other more virulent bacteria (Darouiche et al., 2001). Escherichia coli is responsible for more than 80 % of all UTIs and causes both ABU and symptomatic UTI (Ronald, 2003). Generally, such infections are caused by a single bacterial clone and are in effect mono-cultures. Based on the symptoms they produce, UTI E. coli can be divided into ABU E. coli and uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains.Many bacteria live as sessile communities adhered to surfaces, rather than as planktonic isolated cells. These compact microbial consortia, referred to as biofilms, are commonly associated with many economic and health problems (Costerton et al., 1999). In medicine, biofilmassociated infections have a major impact on permanent and temporary artificial implants placed in the human body, often with devastating con...

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“…41,42 The harmless strains are part of the normal flora of the gut, and can benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2, 43 or by preventing the establishment of pathogenic bacteria within the intestine. 42,44 In fact, various classification schemes for coliforms have been emerged. The earliest were those of MacConkay, 45 who recognized 128 different coliform types, while Bergey and Deehan identified 256.…”

Section: Scientific Classification Of Escherichia Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli as an indicator of bacteriological quality of water: an overview

Odonkor

Ampofo

2013

Microbiol Res (Pavia)

325

192

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Monitoring the microbiological quality of drinking water relies largely on examination of indicator bacteria such as coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. E. coli is a member of the faecal coliform group and is a more specific indicator of faecal pollution than other faecal coliforms. Two key factors have led to the trend toward the use of E. coli as the preferred indicator for the detection of faecal contamination, not only in drinking water, but also in other matrices as well: first, the finding that some faecal coliforms were non faecal in origin, and second, the development of improved testing methods for E. coli. The faecal coliform definition has also been revised to coincide better with the genetic make-up of its members and now includes newly identified environmental species. As a result, faecal coliforms are increasingly being referred to as thermotolerant coliforms. This, combined with improved detection methods for E. coli, has started a trend toward the use of E. coli in place of thermotolerant coliforms as a more reliable indicator of faecal pollution in drinking water. At present, E. coli appears to provide the best bacterial indication of faecal contamination in drinking water. This is based on the prevalence of thermotolerant (faecal) coliforms in temperate environments as compared to the rare incidence of E. coli, the prevalence of E. coli in human and animal faeces as compared to other thermotolerant coliforms, and the availability of affordable, fast, sensitive, specific and easier to perform detection methods for E. coli.

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Can bacterial interference prevent infection?

Cited by 256 publications

References 31 publications

Broad-spectrum biofilm inhibition by a secreted bacterial polysaccharide

Broad-spectrum biofilm inhibition by a secreted bacterial polysaccharide

Biofilm exclusion of uropathogenic bacteria by selected asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strains

Escherichia coli as an indicator of bacteriological quality of water: an overview

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