Can Bacteriophages Replace Antibiotics?

Skurnik, Mikael

doi:10.3390/antibiotics11050575

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In the literature, different numbers of individual plaque passaging rounds are suggested. Usually, three [16] to five [28] passages of individual plaques are considered to be sufficient, but some authors suggest many more passages (e.g., [15][16][17][18][19][20] [57]. In our opinion (based on practical experience), more than three to five passages should indeed be performed to ensure single plaque proliferation.…”

Section: Plaque Purificationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Nowadays, experts increasingly agree that phages will not replace antibiotics [ 19 ], and could sometimes be more effective when used in combination with (sub-inhibitory concentrations of) antibiotics [ 20 ]. For instance, combinations of phages and antibiotics were shown to be more potent in killing Pseudomonas aeruginosa than either one acting alone [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Techniques and Measurements of Phage Characteristics That Are Important for Phage Therapy Success

Glonti

Pirnay

2022

Viruses

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Validated methods for phage selection, host range expansion, and lytic activity determination are indispensable for maximizing phage therapy outcomes. In this review, we describe some relevant methods, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, and categorize them as preliminary or confirmatory methods where appropriate. Experimental conditions, such as the composition and consistency of culture media, have an impact on bacterial growth and, consequently, phage propagation and the selection of phage-resistant mutants. The phages require different experimental conditions to be tested to fully reveal their characteristics and phage therapy potential in view of their future use in therapy. Phage lytic activity or virulence should be considered as a result of the phage, its host, and intracellular/environmental factors, including the ability of a phage to recognize receptors on the bacterial cell surface. In vitro quantitative and qualitative measurements of phage characteristics, further validated by in vivo experiments, could be incorporated into one system or mathematical model/formula, which could predict a potential successful outcome of clinical applications.

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Section: Plaque Purificationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Techniques and Measurements of Phage Characteristics That Are Important for Phage Therapy Success

Glonti

Pirnay

2022

Viruses

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“…As evidenced by the many previous publications dealing with the subject, phagotherapy, i.e., the use of bacteriophages as a precision therapy for the treatment of bacterial infections, has received increasing attention over the last two decades [ 121 ]. The use of bacteriophages as antimicrobials dates back more than 100 years, and phage therapy was used worldwide until the Second World War, when the use of antibiotics gradually restricted the use of phages [ 122 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenge of Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria: “Attack on Titan”

et al. 2023

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The global burden of bacterial resistance remains one of the most serious public health concerns. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in critically ill patients require immediate empirical treatment, which may not only be ineffective due to the resistance of MDR bacteria to multiple classes of antibiotics, but may also contribute to the selection and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Both the WHO and the ECDC consider carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) to be the highest priority. The ability to form biofilm and the acquisition of multiple drug resistance genes, in particular to carbapenems, have made these pathogens particularly difficult to treat. They are a growing cause of healthcare-associated infections and a significant threat to public health, associated with a high mortality rate. Moreover, co-colonization with these pathogens in critically ill patients was found to be a significant predictor for in-hospital mortality. Importantly, they have the potential to spread resistance using mobile genetic elements. Given the current situation, it is clear that finding new ways to combat antimicrobial resistance can no longer be delayed. The aim of this review was to evaluate the literature on how these pathogens contribute to the global burden of AMR. The review also highlights the importance of the rational use of antibiotics and the need to implement antimicrobial stewardship principles to prevent the transmission of drug-resistant organisms in healthcare settings. Finally, the review discusses the advantages and limitations of alternative therapies for the treatment of infections caused by these “titans” of antibiotic resistance.

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“…обретаемая фагорезистентность бактерий ограничивают сферу применения фаговых препаратов антибиотикорезистентными инфекциями и состояниями, позволяющими перед применением препаратов выделять время на определение фагочувствительности бактерий [2,3]. Другие авторы указывают на высокую эффективность сочетанной терапии бактериофагами и антибиотиками, подтверждённую на практике [4,5].…”

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Lytic Activity Spectra of Bacteriophages

Pchelin,

Goncharov,

Aslanov

et al. 2024

A&Ch

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One of the central topics in bacteriophage research is the host specificity. It depends on the success of completing viral life cycle stages, including adsorption, penetration of the genetic material of the virus into the cell and its replication, assembly of phage particles and cell lysis. Laboratory assessments of the spectrum of lytic activity of phages are inextricably linked to significant methodological biases, and the often used spot test method can be associated with a large percentage of false-positive results. Along with the variety of types of phage specificity, there is temporal variability. The co-evolution of phages and bacteria leads to the acquisition of resistance to viruses by bacteria and the accumulation of mutations in the genomes of bacteriophages aimed at overcoming this resistance. At the same time, the adaptation of bacteriophages to bacteria that are evolutionarily distant from the isolation hosts is barely possible. This barrier is based on the peculiarities of metabolism, cell wall structures and mechanisms for the implementation of matrix processes. The spatial factor of phage specificity is manifested in the greater breadth of the spectra of lytic activity of bacteriophages on local samples of bacteria compared to the spectra assessed on samples of isolates from habitats geographically distant from the place of virus isolation.

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Can Bacteriophages Replace Antibiotics?

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

In Vitro Techniques and Measurements of Phage Characteristics That Are Important for Phage Therapy Success

In Vitro Techniques and Measurements of Phage Characteristics That Are Important for Phage Therapy Success

The Challenge of Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria: “Attack on Titan”

Lytic Activity Spectra of Bacteriophages

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