Can EEG characteristics predict development of epilepsy in autistic children?

Kanemura, Hideaki; Sano, Fumikazu; Tando, Tomoko; Sugita, Kanji; Aihara, Masao

doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2012.10.002

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Of note, approximately 20% of children with autism will develop a seizure disorder (Bolton, Carcani-Rathwell, Hutton, Goode et al, 2011). In a small EEG monitoring study of children aged 3 to 6 with autism, 53% of children had paroxysmal (epileptiform) abnormalities, in which frontal paroxysms were significantly associated with the later development of epilepsy (Kanemura, Sano, Tando, Sugita, & Aihara, 2012). Research EEGs are conducted in a manner that is very different than clinical EEGs and the likelihood of detecting abnormal EEG signals (as defined by a neurologist) within a research paradigm is unclear but thought to be low.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Definition Of Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines and Best Practices for Electrophysiological Data Collection, Analysis and Reporting in Autism

Webb

Bernier

Henderson

et al. 2013

J Autism Dev Disord

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The EEG reflects the activation of large populations of neurons that act in synchrony and propagate to the scalp surface. This activity reflects both the brain’s background electrical activity and when the brain is being challenged by a task. Despite strong theoretical and methodological arguments for the use of EEG in understanding the neural correlates of autism, the practice of collecting, processing and evaluating EEG data is complex. Scientists should take into consideration both the nature of development in autism given the life-long, pervasive course of the disorder and the disability of altered or atypical social, communicative, and motor behaviors, all of which require accommodations to traditional EEG environments and paradigms. This paper presents guidelines for the recording, analyzing, and interpreting of EEG data with participants with autism. The goal is to articulate a set of scientific standards as well as methodological considerations that will increase the general field’s understanding of EEG methods, provide support for collaborative projects, and contribute to the evaluation of results and conclusions.

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Section: Diagnosis and Definition Of Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines and Best Practices for Electrophysiological Data Collection, Analysis and Reporting in Autism

Webb

Bernier

Henderson

et al. 2013

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…Altered speech is very frequent, but most of the individuals with ASD have physiological conditions to speak. ASD are associated with some level of intellectual disability in about 50% of the cases 9 , and with epilepsy in about 20% 10,11 . The etiology of ASD is multifactorial, and although a number of biological markers have already been identified, none of them can be considered pathognomonic or specific for ASD.…”

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confidence: 99%

The eye-tracking of social stimuli in patients with Rett syndrome and autism spectrum disorders: a pilot study

Schwartzman

Velloso

D'Antino

et al. 2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Although Rett syndrome (RS) has been considered a manifestation of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) as well as a genetic model of ASD 1 , many aspects peculiar to each of these conditions make them very different and deserve to be even more clarified, so that diagnosis and therapeutic and educational interventions can be as effective as possible for one and other condition.RS is characterized by severe neuromotor, cognitive and communicative impairments. The severity of neuromotor impairments determines the level of global apraxia, resulting in loss or non-development of gait and purposeful use of hands, and in serious respiratory, gastrointestinal and orthopedic disturbances. Most of them do not develop any kind of speech. About 60%-70% develop with epileptic seizures. The empirical observation of RS patients points to a relative preservation of social domain, as they have a very intense look and somehow respond to social stimuli. The etiology of RS has strongly been associated with mutations in MECP2 gene 2,3,4 , and more recently with alterations in CDKL5 and FOGX1 in some cases 5,6 . Although it has been ABSTRACT Objective: To compare visual fixation at social stimuli in Rett syndrome (RT) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) patients. Method: Visual fixation at social stimuli was analyzed in 14 RS female patients (age range 4-30 years), 11 ASD male patients (age range 4-20 years), and 17 children with typical development (TD). Patients were exposed to three different pictures (two of human faces and one with social and non-social stimuli) presented for 8 seconds each on the screen of a computer attached to an eye-tracker equipment. Results: Percentage of visual fixation at social stimuli was significantly higher in the RS group compared to ASD and even to TD groups. Conclusion: Visual fixation at social stimuli seems to be one more endophenotype making RS to be very different from ASD.

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“…These findings suggest the possibility of a more general role of seizure-dependent raphe modulation in autism. Clinically it has been observed that drug resistant and severe cases of epilepsy are more commonly associated with autism spectrum disorders (48–50). This is consistent with what we observed in our Tsc1 flox/flox ;CaMKIIα-cre model, in which mice tend to develop frequent and generalized seizures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizure-dependent mTOR activation in 5-HT neurons promotes autism-like behaviors in mice

McMahon

Yang

et al. 2015

Neurobiology of Disease

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Epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are common comorbidities of one another. Despite the prevalent correlation between the two disorders, few studies have been able to elucidate a mechanistic link. We demonstrate that forebrain specific Tsc1 deletion in mice causes epilepsy and autism-like behaviors, concomitant with disruption of 5-HT neurotransmission. We find that epileptiform activity propagates to the raphe nuclei, resulting in seizure-dependent hyperactivation of mTOR in 5-HT neurons. To dissect whether mTOR hyperactivity in 5-HT neurons alone was sufficient to recapitulate an autism-like phenotype we utilized Tsc1flox/flox;Slc6a4-cre mice, in which mTOR is restrictively hyperactivated in 5-HT neurons. Tsc1flox/flox;Slc6a4-cre mice displayed alterations of the 5-HT system and autism-like behaviors, without causing epilepsy. Rapamycin treatment in these mice was sufficient to rescue the phenotype. We conclude that the spread of seizure activity to the brainstem is capable of promoting hyperactivation of mTOR in the raphe nuclei, which in turn promotes autism-like behaviors. Thus our study provides a novel mechanism describing how epilepsy can contribute to the development of autism-like behaviors, suggesting new therapeutic strategies for autism.

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Can EEG characteristics predict development of epilepsy in autistic children?

Cited by 37 publications

References 26 publications

Guidelines and Best Practices for Electrophysiological Data Collection, Analysis and Reporting in Autism

Guidelines and Best Practices for Electrophysiological Data Collection, Analysis and Reporting in Autism

The eye-tracking of social stimuli in patients with Rett syndrome and autism spectrum disorders: a pilot study

Seizure-dependent mTOR activation in 5-HT neurons promotes autism-like behaviors in mice

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