Can elevated CO2 combined with high temperature ameliorate the effect of terminal drought in wheat?

Oliveira, Eduardo Dias de; Bramley, Helen; Siddique, Kadambot H. M.; Henty, Samuel; Berger, Jens; Palta, Jairo A.

doi:10.1071/fp12206

Cited by 91 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Most previous studies on the impact of eCO 2 associated with drought and/or elevated temperature did not report whole ecosystem responses, but primarily plant responses at various organizational levels. Generally, they show that eCO 2 alleviates the stress associated with drought and/or elevated temperature (4,16,18,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), but some studies found inconsistent responses (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36). This variability could be linked with the seasonality of precipitation (35,37) or with the intensity and length of the imposed stress, because the effect of eCO 2 has been shown to be positive under moderate drought and negligible under severe stress when stomata are fully closed (14).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO₂maintains grassland net carbon uptake under a future heat and drought extreme

Roy

Picon‐Cochard

Augusti

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

120

110

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Extreme climatic events (ECEs) such as droughts and heat waves are predicted to increase in intensity and frequency and impact the terrestrial carbon balance. However, we lack direct experimental evidence of how the net carbon uptake of ecosystems is affected by ECEs under future elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentrations (eCO 2 ). Taking advantage of an advanced controlled environment facility for ecosystem research (Ecotron), we simulated eCO 2 and extreme cooccurring heat and drought events as projected for the 2050s and analyzed their effects on the ecosystem-level carbon and water fluxes in a C3 grassland. Our results indicate that eCO 2 not only slows down the decline of ecosystem carbon uptake during the ECE but also enhances its recovery after the ECE, as mediated by increases of root growth and plant nitrogen uptake induced by the ECE. These findings indicate that, in the predicted near future climate, eCO 2 could mitigate the effects of extreme droughts and heat waves on ecosystem net carbon uptake.climate change | extreme events | elevated CO 2 | carbon fluxes | grassland ecosystem I ncreased aridity and heat waves are projected to increase in the 21st century for most of Africa, southern and central Europe, the Middle East, and parts of the Americas, Australia, and southeast Asia (1-3). These regions have a large fraction of their land covered by grasslands and rangelands, a biome covering approximately one-quarter of the Earth's land area and contributing to the livelihoods of more than 800 million people (4). There is mounting evidence that extreme climatic events (ECEs) may significantly affect the regional and global carbon (C) fluxes (3, 5-9) and potentially feed back on atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and the climate system (7). However, our knowledge concerning the outcome of the interaction between future ECEs and elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentrations (eCO 2 ) for ecosystem C stocks is equivocal (10-12). Studies focusing on plant physiological responses have shown that eCO 2 has the potential to mitigate future drought-related stress on plant growth by reducing stomatal conductance, thereby increasing water use efficiency (WUE) (13-15) and preserving soil moisture (16)(17)(18). However, to date, little is known on whether and how eCO 2 alters the consequences of ECEs for ecosystem net C uptake. Because the capacity of ecosystems to act as a C sink depends on the relative effects of eCO 2 , ECE, and their potential interaction on both plant and soil processes, an integrated assessment of all C fluxes during and after the ECEs is important if we are to estimate the overall C balance.Using the Montpellier CNRS Ecotron facility (www.ecotron. cnrs.fr), we tested with 12 large controlled environment units (macrocosms, SI Appendix, Fig. S1) whether (i) an ECE (severe drought and heat wave) predicted for the 2050s reduces ecosystem net C uptake by reducing ecosystem photosynthesis relative to ecosystem respiration (R eco ), (ii) eCO 2 buffers the negative effects of the ECE on ecosystem CO 2 fluxes ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO₂maintains grassland net carbon uptake under a future heat and drought extreme

Roy

Picon‐Cochard

Augusti

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

120

110

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“…Dias de Oliveira et al (2013) showed wheat responses to combined elevated CO 2 and temperatures +2°C, +4°C and +6°C above ambient, but did not identify the main driver for biomass and grain yield response or explain the interaction between the drivers of climate…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Response of wheat restricted‐tillering and vigorous growth traits to variables of climate change

Oliveira

Siddique

Bramley

et al. 2014

Global Change Biology

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The response of wheat to the variables of climate change includes elevated CO2, high temperature, and drought which vary according to the levels of each variable and genotype. Independently, elevated CO2, high temperature, and terminal drought affect wheat biomass and grain yield, but the interactive effects of these three variables are not well known. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of elevated CO2 when combined with high temperature and terminal drought on the high-yielding traits of restricted-tillering and vigorous growth. It was hypothesized that elevated CO2 alone, rather than combined with high temperature, ameliorates the effects of terminal drought on wheat biomass and grain yield. It was also hypothesized that wheat genotypes with more sink capacity (e.g. high-tillering capacity and leaf area) have more grain yield under combined elevated CO2, high temperature, and terminal drought. Two pairs of sister lines with contrasting tillering and vigorous growth were grown in poly-tunnels in a four-factor completely randomized split-plot design with elevated CO2 (700 µL L(-1)), high day time temperature (3 °C above ambient), and drought (induced from anthesis) in all combinations to test whether elevated CO2 ameliorates the effects of high temperature and terminal drought on biomass accumulation and grain yield. For biomass and grain yield, only main effects for climate change variables were significant. Elevated CO2 significantly increased grain yield by 24-35% in all four lines and terminal drought significantly reduced grain yield by 16-17% in all four lines, while high temperature (3 °C above the ambient) had no significant effect. A trade-off between yield components limited grain yield in lines with greater sink capacity (free-tillering lines). This response suggests that any positive response to predicted changes in climate will not overcome the limitations imposed by the trade-off in yield components.

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“…Reviews by Ainsworth et al (2008), Tausz et al (2011) or Ziska et al (2012 reinforce the suggestion to explore breeding opportunities especially for elevated [CO 2 ]. Despite high profile papers and active research in the field, such as reported in Hasegawa et al (2013), Thilakarathne et al (2013), Dias de Oliveira et al (2013) or Bourgault et al (2013) in this volume, elevated [CO 2 ] effects are, in contrast to factors such as high and low temperatures, water supply and salinity, not yet included in current breeding efforts.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the increased severity and duration of heat waves, coupled with higher evapotranspiration, are likely to decrease soil moisture. In a study relevant to these probable scenarios, Dias de Oliveira et al (2013) Vandergeer et al (2013) showed that cassava yields and quality are sensitive to drought.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Hence, CO 2 exposure needs more involved and expensive exposure technology, with glasshouse and growth chamber options (e.g. such as those employed in Bourgault et al (2013) and Thilakarathne et al (2013)), field chamber or 'tunnel' technology (e. g. in Dias de Oliveira et al (2013)), to FACE (Free Air CO 2 Enrichment) systems (e. g. Hasegawa et al (2013); Gray et al (2013); Oehme et al (2013); all in this volume). Whilst these technologies are well established for scientific purposes with limited plot size, scaling up to screen many genotypes in large replicated experiments (as required by traditional breeding approaches) is not yet achievable or affordable.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Crops for a future climate

Gleadow

Johnson

Tausz

2013

Functional Plant Biol.

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Abstract. The papers in this special issue were mainly derived from sessions at the International Botanical Congress in July 2011 in Melbourne, and at the ComBio meeting in Cairns, September 2011. They make contributions towards one of the most burning issues we face today: increasing sustainable crop production to provide sufficient high quality food to feed an ever increasing global human population, all in the face of climate change. Plant and crop science will have a major part in ensuring that agricultural production can meet these multiple demands. Contributions in this volume go beyond raising issues and highlighting potential effects of climate change factors, but also point out ways to better adapt to the inevitable.

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Can elevated CO2 combined with high temperature ameliorate the effect of terminal drought in wheat?

Cited by 91 publications

References 56 publications

Elevated CO₂maintains grassland net carbon uptake under a future heat and drought extreme

Elevated CO₂maintains grassland net carbon uptake under a future heat and drought extreme

Response of wheat restricted‐tillering and vigorous growth traits to variables of climate change

Crops for a future climate

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Can elevated CO2 combined with high temperature ameliorate the effect of terminal drought in wheat?

Cited by 91 publications

References 56 publications

Elevated CO2maintains grassland net carbon uptake under a future heat and drought extreme

Elevated CO2maintains grassland net carbon uptake under a future heat and drought extreme

Response of wheat restricted‐tillering and vigorous growth traits to variables of climate change

Crops for a future climate

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Product

Resources

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Elevated CO₂maintains grassland net carbon uptake under a future heat and drought extreme

Elevated CO₂maintains grassland net carbon uptake under a future heat and drought extreme