Can field portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) produce high quality data for application in environmental contamination research?

Rouillon, Marek; Taylor, Mark Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.055

Cited by 192 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF) is a tool used in works of several fields of study for identification and quantification of chemical elements present in varied materials (Ioannides et al, 2016;Milić, 2014;Peinado et al, 2010;Rouillon;Taylor, 2016;Terra et al, 2014;Zhang, 2011). This equipment emits high-energy X-ray beams, which cause the displacement of electrons from inner to outer orbits as they hit the atoms of the elements in the sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple linear regression and random forest to predict and map soil properties using data from portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF)

et al. 2017

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Determination of soil properties helps in the correct management of soil fertility. The portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF) has been recently adopted to determine total chemical element contents in soils, allowing soil property inferences. However, these studies are still scarce in Brazil and other countries. The objectives of this work were to predict soil properties using pXRF data, comparing stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) and random forest (RF) methods, as well as mapping and validating soil properties. 120 soil samples were collected at three depths and submitted to laboratory analyses. pXRF was used in the samples and total element contents were determined. From pXRF data, SMLR and RF were used to predict soil laboratory results, reflecting soil properties, and the models were validated. The best method was used to spatialize soil properties. Using SMLR, models had high values of R² (≥0.8), however the highest accuracy was obtained in RF modeling. Exchangeable Ca, Al, Mg, potential and effective cation exchange capacity, soil organic matter, pH, and base saturation had adequate adjustment and accurate predictions with RF. Eight out of the 10 soil properties predicted by RF using pXRF data had CaO as the most important variable helping predictions, followed by P 2 O 5 , Zn and Cr. Maps generated using RF from pXRF data had high accuracy for six soil properties, reaching R 2 up to 0.83. pXRF in association with RF can be used to predict soil properties with high accuracy at low cost and time, besides providing variables aiding digital soil mapping.Index terms: Soil analyses; spatial prediction; proximal sensor. RESUMOA determinação de atributos do solo auxilia no correto manejo da sua fertilidade. O equipamento portátil de fluorescência de raios-X (pXRF) foi recentemente adotado para determinar o teor total de elementos químicos em solos, permitindo inferências sobre atributos do solo. No entanto, esses estudos ainda são escassos no Brasil e em outros países. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram prever atributos do solo a partir de dados do pXRF, comparando-se os métodos de regressão linear múltipla stepwise (SMLR) e de random forest (RF), além de mapear e validar atributos do solo. 120 amostras de solo foram coletadas em três profundidades e submetidas a análises laboratoriais. Utilizou-se o pXRF para leitura das amostras e determinou-se o teor total de elementos. A partir dos dados do pXRF, foram utilizadas SMLR e RF para predizer resultados laboratoriais, que refletem atributos do solo, e os modelos foram validados. O melhor método foi utilizado para espacializar os atributos do solo. Utilizando SMLR, os modelos apresentaram valores elevados de R² (≥0,8), porém maior acurácia foi obtida na modelagem com RF. A capacidade de troca de cátions potencial e efetiva, matéria orgânica do solo, pH, saturação por bases e teores trocáveis de Ca, Al e Mg apresentaram ajustes adequados e predições acuradas com RF. Dos dez atributos do solo preditos por RF a partir de dados do pXRF, sete apr...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple linear regression and random forest to predict and map soil properties using data from portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF)

et al. 2017

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“…XRF spectrometry is a method that is increasingly used to provide high-resolution elemental geochemistry in lake sediments (Koinig et al 2003;Guyard et al 2007;Brunschön et al 2010;Kylander et al 2011;Rydberg 2014;Dunnington et al 2016;Gregory et al 2017). Rouillon and Taylor (2016) demonstrated that pXRF was able to produce as good or better recoveries than ICP-AES for 9 of 11 elements assessed in the study (Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sr, Cd, and Pb). Non-detect values are reported in this study for Pb and Cl, for which the manufacturer-provided detection limits were 2 and 33 ppm, respectively (Dunnington 2011). C/N ratios and stable isotopes (C, N) were measured at the Stable Isotopes in Nature Laboratory in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada; loss on ignition (LOI) and total Hg concentrations (Hg total ) were measured at Acadia University.…”

Section: Age-depth Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were dried in plastic boats at 60°C for 72 h in an open oven prior to sending samples for analysis. The elemental geochemistry of the sediment samples was measured by an Olympus X-50 portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer, following methods outlined by Rouillon and Taylor (2016), Loder et al (2016), and Dunnington et al (2016). XRF spectrometry is a method that is increasingly used to provide high-resolution elemental geochemistry in lake sediments (Koinig et al 2003;Guyard et al 2007;Brunschön et al 2010;Kylander et al 2011;Rydberg 2014;Dunnington et al 2016;Gregory et al 2017).…”

Section: Age-depth Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A paleolimnological archive of metal sequestration and release in the Cumberland Basin Marshes, Atlantic Canada

Dunnington

White

Spooner

et al. 2017

FACETS

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We used a paleolimnological approach at Long Lake, Nova Scotia, to construct a 10 500-year record of metal deposition in lakebed sediments and elucidate the influence of both natural and anthropogenic environmental changes. Aquatic sediment concentrations of mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr) in Long Lake fluctuated substantially and, during some periods, exceeded guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Increases in lead (Pb), Hg, Cr, trace metals, and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ 15 N) were broadly coincident with a period of widespread drying from ca. 8000 to 4000 cal BP and were likely a consequence of regional fires. From ca. 4000 cal BP until 1700 AD, metal levels in general were low due to decreased erosion, increased precipitation, and reduced fire activity. Water level lowering and forced sediment aggradation (tiding) in the 1800s led to increases in minerogenic Pb and Cr, though fossil fuel combustion also likely contributed to total Pb concentrations. Stratigraphic proxies indicated increased inorganic sedimentation rates, and reduced autochthonous productivity were coincident with lower Hg and As concentrations in the Long Lake sediment. Our data indicate that natural phenomena (fire) can result in sediment contaminant exceedances, that most metals have multiple sources, and that both human-induced disturbance and emissions have contributed to Pb contamination in the last 200 years. In addition, wetter and generally cooler climate appeared to favour lower concentrations of contaminants in lake sediments. Although wetland sediments in the Cumberland Basin Marshes are not heavily polluted with metals, the development of constructed wetlands and the disruption of aquatic sediments have the potential to concentrate, mobilize, and increase the bioavailability of metals.

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“…For instance, in a mining area in Ireland, high correlation was observed between the As, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations determined by pXRF and those obtained through atomic absorption spectrophotometer after digestion in aqua regia (Radu;Diamond, 2009). Rouillon and Taylor (2016), studying soils contaminated with heavy metals and comparing element data obtained from both pXRF and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) with certified reference materials, found that pXRF provided adequate results for Ti, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Sr, Cd, and Pb after careful sample preparation and pXRF calibration. These findings stimulate similar environmental studies in tropical conditions.…”

Section: Environmental Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) applications in tropical Soil Science

Ribeiro

Silva

et al. 2017

Ciênc. agrotec.

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The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an analytical technique for determination of elemental composition of different materials. In soils, the XRF has many pedological, environmental and agronomic applications, mainly after the emergence of portable equipments (pXRF). This technique has been recently adopted and successfully used for soil characterization worldwide, but very rare works have been carried out in soils of developing countries. The soil characterization includes the complete elemental composition determination (nutrients, trace and rare-earth elements) and allows estimating some soil physical and chemical properties. In Brazil, this technique is still incipient, mainly the use of pXRF, however, it can greatly contribute to soil characterization in-field or in-lab conditions and also replacing methods of soil analyses considered non-environmentally friendly. This review summarizes the XRF technique including principles and the main applications of pXRF in soils highlighting its potential for tropical Soil Science.Index terms: Soil analyses; soil morphometrics; soil characterization. RESUMOFluorescência de raios-X (FRX) é uma técnica analítica para determinação da composição elementar de diferentes materiais. Em solos, a FRX apresenta muitas aplicações pedológicas, ambientais e agronômicas, principalmente após a emergência de equipamentos portáteis (pXRF). Essa técnica tem sido utilizada com sucessso no mundo todo para caracterização do solo, entretanto, são raros os trabalhos em solos de países em desenvolvimento. A caracterização do solo inclui a determinação completa da composição elementar (nutrientes, elementos-traço e terras-raras) e permite a estimativa de atributos químicos e físicos do solo. No Brasil, a FRX é ainda incipiente, principalmente o uso do pXRF, entretanto, essa técnica pode contribuir grandemente para a caracterização do solo no campo, em condições laboratoriais e, também, substituindo alguns métodos de análise do solo considerados não prejudicial ao ambiente. Esta revisão sumariza a técnica de FRX incluindo princípios e as principais aplicações do pXRF, destacando seu potencial de uso na Ciência do Solo tropical. Termos para indexação:Análise do solo; morfometria do solo; caracterização do solo.

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Can field portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) produce high quality data for application in environmental contamination research?

Cited by 192 publications

References 18 publications

Multiple linear regression and random forest to predict and map soil properties using data from portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF)

Multiple linear regression and random forest to predict and map soil properties using data from portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF)

A paleolimnological archive of metal sequestration and release in the Cumberland Basin Marshes, Atlantic Canada

Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) applications in tropical Soil Science

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