Can humanoid robots serve as patient simulators in behavior analytic research and practice?

Kazemi, Ellie; Stedman-Falls, Lisa M.

doi:10.1037/bar0000046

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Humanoid robots have served as an operandum for college students to rehearse newly learned preference assessment procedures (Kazemi & Stedman-Falls, 2016). However, robots have not been used to mediate behavior change procedures that a trainer implements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Robots as behavior change agents: Can robots teach behavior technicians to implement differential reinforcement?

Lotfizadeh,

McCoy,

Kazemi

2024

Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice

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Behavior analysts have used various tools to facilitate the training of behavior technicians. Recently, researchers demonstrated the utility of humanoid robots for facilitating such training by having a researcher implement the intervention while the humanoid robot served as the operandum for the participants. It is also possible for robots to mediate the intervention and serve as both an operandum and as a behavior change agent. In the present study, we evaluated this possibility by having a humanoid robot mediate the intervention that the researcher implemented to teach behavior change procedures to college students. A humanoid robot served as the operandum, wherein the participants provided instructions to the robot and implemented a differential reinforcement procedure. When the participants implemented the differential reinforcement procedure correctly, the researchers activated the robot to provide praise statements. Contingent on incorrect participant responses, the researchers withheld the praise statement and activated the robot to provide specific feedback. The robot-mediated intervention was effective at teaching the target clinical skill; however, certain hardware limitations and software programming complexities limited how independently the robots could implement the behavior change procedures. These findings provide proof for the concept that robots can mediate training for behavior technicians, but additional replications with more reliable hardware are needed for widespread adoption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Kazemi and Stedman-Falls (2016) study showcased one of the only demonstrations of using humanoid robots to train ABA practitioners. A noteworthy aspect of the Kazemi and Stedman-Falls study was that the experimenters, not the robots, provided feedback.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Robots as behavior change agents: Can robots teach behavior technicians to implement differential reinforcement?

Lotfizadeh,

McCoy,

Kazemi

2024

Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice

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“…It is possible that the fourth iteration of computing, including virtual reality, robotics, and others (e.g., self-driving cars), marks the next frontier of EAHB research. Some researchers have already begun demonstrating the unique application and advantages of such technological advancements (e.g., Kazemi & Stedman-Falls, 2016; North & North, 2016; Pritchard, 2010). To date, EAHB and technological advancements have sustained a steady relationship, and we believe that further advances will continue to be leveraged to improve EAHB research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emerging fields of artificial intelligence and robotics could have implications for how future EAHB studies are conducted. For example, Kazemi and Stedman-Falls (2016) suggested that robots could serve as effective patient simulators during behavioral assessments and that the use of robots during assessment was rated favorably by participants. Indeed, if robots could serve as patient simulators, this could have long-lasting implications for EAHB (e.g., studying side effects of extinction of a robot programmed to engage in analogue problem behavior instead of using actual patients who engage in problem behavior could minimize risk of harm during the course of the experiment).…”

Section: Artificial Intelligence and Roboticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological advances in the experimental analysis of human behavior.

Saini¹,

Roane²

2018

Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice

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The experimental analysis of human behavior (EAHB) involves the study of basic operant and respondent phenomena with human subjects and is a well-established proving ground for exploring behavioral principles and processes that may be difficult to study in applied settings. EAHB has significant implications for the understanding of human behavior in typical environments and could assist in translating findings from the basic laboratory to areas of social importance. Early research in EAHB relied heavily on analyzing gross motor responses using cumbrous stimuli and apparatus, which have both logistic and analytic limitations. Fortunately, the advent of technological innovation has revolutionized how EAHB can be conducted as well as the future of these research methodologies. We present a discussion on technology as applied to EAHB and contrast modern methods to those historically used. We also offer strategies for how technologies could be incorporated into EAHB research as well as challenges that the behavioral scientist might encounter when embarking on a technologically sophisticated EAHB investigation.

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“…(2010. Kazemi & Stedman-Falls (2016) demonstrated that the use of a humanoid robot was effective at teaching students how to implement preference assessments correctly.…”

Section: Of 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete Trial Teaching: A study on the comparison of three training strategies

Booth¹,

Keenan

2018

Interdiscip Educ Psychol

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Discrete trial teaching, as a teaching method, has been used to teach a variety of skills in many early intervention programmes for children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Often, parents use these programmes in the absence of supervision by a behaviour analyst. This can cause problems in maintaining the integrity of the programmes. In this pilot study, two experiments examined three procedures designed to help parents/carers of children with a diagnosis of autism identify errors in videos simulating mock discrete trial sessions -written Text, a PowerPoint presentation, and an Animated lesson. Results suggested that the use of animations was superior in helping identify errors while the use of text alone was least effective. These preliminary findings suggest that traditional text-based methods for teaching need to be updated to take advantage of opportunities provided by new technology

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Can humanoid robots serve as patient simulators in behavior analytic research and practice?

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Robots as behavior change agents: Can robots teach behavior technicians to implement differential reinforcement?

Robots as behavior change agents: Can robots teach behavior technicians to implement differential reinforcement?

Technological advances in the experimental analysis of human behavior.

Discrete Trial Teaching: A study on the comparison of three training strategies

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