Can I see your passport please? Perceptual discrimination of own- and other-race faces

Meissner, Christian A.; Susa, Kyle J.; Ross, Amy B.

doi:10.1080/13506285.2013.832451

Cited by 37 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Overall, our results indicated that participants were more accurate when responding to own‐race faces, consistent with prior studies (Meissner et al ., ). Of greater interest, our parametric manipulation of base rate frequency influenced participants’ criterion of responding – as the prevalence of mismatch trials was reduced, participants became more conservative in responding (consistent with Bindemann et al ., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Assessment of confidence–accuracy calibration estimates replicated prior research (Meissner et al ., ) such that a significant main effect for race of face was observed, χ 2 (1) = 20.77, p < .001. Participants were better calibrated for own‐race ( M = 0.043, SD = 0.030) versus other‐race face ( M = 0.071, SD = 0.061) pairings, d = 0.58, 95% CI [0.24, 0.0.92].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, both experiments replicate and extend our understanding of the cross‐race effect to a face‐matching task, supporting a plethora of research in eyewitness memory indicating that people are better at matching own‐race face pairings compared to other‐race faces (see Meissner & Brigham, ; Meissner et al ., ). One caveat of these findings is that, due to the relatively small population of African American students at both of the universities (<7% of the relevant student populations), we were unable to examine a fully crossed manipulation of race of participant and race of face.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meissner et al . 's () assessment of the cross‐race effect using a perceptual discrimination paradigm similarly showed a shift in response criterion in two of the three experiments, although the shift in criterion occurred in opposing directions: with one experiment showing a liberal shift in response criterion for other‐race faces (i.e., more likely to say that other‐ vs. own‐race faces matched) and the other showing a conservative shift (i.e., more likely to say that other‐ vs. own‐race faces mismatched). Clearly, any effect that race may have on response criterion shifts in a perceptual identification paradigm is understudied and ambiguous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its real-world applicability, surprisingly few studies have examined the cross-race effect as it pertains to the task performed by travel document screeners, where a simultaneous (or rapid sequential) comparison is made between a passport photograph and the person presenting the photograph to the screener. Importantly, Meissner et al (2013) demonstrated that the deleterious effects of cross-race identification are evident in this perceptual discrimination paradigm and that contextual factors (e.g., age disparity between face and photograph, the use of disguises) may moderate the cross-race effect during this task (Marcon, Meissner, Frueh, Susa, & MacLin, 2009;Megreya, White, & Burton, 2011;Sporer, Trinkl, & Guberova, 2007). The researchers further found that race appears to influence participants' calibration between confidence and accuracy such that the match between subjective confidence and objective accuracy was greater for own-versus other-race faces.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Imposter identification in low prevalence environments

Susa

Michael

Dessenberger

et al. 2018

Legal Criminol Psychol

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Purpose Travel document screeners play an important role in international security when determining whether a photograph ID matches the tendering individual. Psychological research indicates when conditions involve low base rates of ‘imposter’ photographs, document screeners change their response criterion for rendering a ‘match’ determination. The primary purpose of the current experiments was to examine the nature of this base rate criterion shift, free from experimental bias, for both own‐ and other‐race faces. Further, Experiment 2 examined how low‐base rate conditions might moderate a cross‐race effect in the calibration between confidence and accuracy. Method In two experiments, participants completed an 80‐trial task where they were asked to determine whether a passport photograph matched the photograph of a tendering individual. The base rate of imposter IDs and the race of the people in the photographs were manipulated across participants. Signal detection measures and the calibration between confidence and accuracy were analysed. Results In each experiment, low base rates of imposter identifications induced a conservative criterion shift such that people were more likely to declare that faces ‘mismatch’. Further, race and imposter base rate interacted to influence the confidence–accuracy calibration, suggesting a cross‐race effect on calibration was exacerbated in the low imposter base rate condition, and low‐base rate conditions also elicited greater overconfidence for other‐relative to own‐race faces. Conclusions Free from experimental bias, low imposter base rates induced a conservative response criterion, leading participants to render more ‘mismatch’ decisions. Moreover, low base rates moderated cross‐race effects in the calibration between confidence and accuracy, and in a measure of overconfidence.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imposter identification in low prevalence environments

Susa

Michael

Dessenberger

et al. 2018

Legal Criminol Psychol

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Human Verification of Identity from Photographic Images

Davis¹,

Valentine²

2015

Forensic Facial Identification

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Eyewitness testimony is older than the law. Even today, with sophisticated forensic science, eyewitness testimony forms the bedrock of many criminal cases. Whenever a witness gives testimony in court, jurors, judge(s) or magistrate(s) are faced with two basic questions: Is this witness giving an honest account? If so, can their account be relied upon as accurate? There are many reasons why a witness may deliberately give false testimony or identify a defendant they know to be innocent. The witness may be seeking revenge, have been intimidated into giving a false account, or be motivated to deflect blame away from the true culprit. Legal procedure is designed to expose a dishonest witness. In an adversarial system, for example in the UK, US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, the defence have the right to test the testimony of prosecution witnesses through cross-examination. Equally the prosecution cross-examines witnesses for the defence. Cross-examination has been described as "the greatest legal engine ever invented for the

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Super‐Recognisers show an advantage for other race face identification

Robertson

Black

Chamberlain

et al. 2019

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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SummaryThe accurate identification of an unfamiliar individual from a face photo is a critical factor in several applied situations (e.g., border control). Despite this, matching faces to photographic ID is highly prone to error. In lieu of effective training measures, which could reduce face matching errors, the selection of “super‐recognisers” (SRs) provides the most promising route to combat misidentification or fraud. However, to date, super‐recognition has been defined and tested using almost exclusively “own‐race” face memory and matching tests. Here, across three studies, we test Caucasian participants' performance on own‐ and other‐race face identification tasks (GFMT, MFMT, CFMT+, EFMT, CFMT‐Chinese). Our findings show that compared to controls, high‐performing typical recognisers (Studies 1 and 2) and SRs (Study 3) show superior performance on both the own‐ and other‐race tests. These findings suggest that recruiting SRs in ethnically diverse applied settings could be advantageous.

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Can I see your passport please? Perceptual discrimination of own- and other-race faces

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

Imposter identification in low prevalence environments

Imposter identification in low prevalence environments

Human Verification of Identity from Photographic Images

Super‐Recognisers show an advantage for other race face identification

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