Can measures of sound localization acuity be related to the precision of absolute location estimates?

Moore, Jordan M.; Tollin, Daniel J.; Yin, Tom C. T.

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2007.11.006

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…8͑a͒ is unlikely to be the result of technical error. As per Moore et al ͑2008͒, who obtained a good correspondence between identification and discrimination, values of and in Eq. ͑1͒ were taken from source-dependent behavioral data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

The acoustical bright spot and mislocalization of tones by human listeners

Macaulay

Hartmann

Rakerd

2010

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Listeners attempted to localize 1500-Hz sine tones presented in free field from a loudspeaker array, spanning azimuths from 0°͑straight ahead͒ to 90°͑extreme right͒. During this task, the tone levels and phases were measured in the listeners' ear canals. Because of the acoustical bright spot, measured interaural level differences ͑ILD͒ were non-monotonic functions of azimuth with a maximum near 55°. In a source-identification task, listeners' localization decisions closely tracked the non-monotonic ILD, and thus became inaccurate at large azimuths. When listeners received training and feedback, their accuracy improved only slightly. In an azimuth-discrimination task, listeners decided whether a first sound was to the left or to the right of a second. The discrimination results also reflected the confusion caused by the non-monotonic ILD, and they could be predicted approximately by a listener's identification results. When the sine tones were amplitude modulated or replaced by narrow bands of noise, interaural time difference ͑ITD͒ cues greatly reduced the confusion for most listeners, but not for all. Recognizing the important role of the bright spot requires a reevaluation of the transition between the low-frequency region for localization ͑mainly ITD͒ and the high-frequency region ͑mainly ILD͒.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

The acoustical bright spot and mislocalization of tones by human listeners

Macaulay

Hartmann

Rakerd

2010

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…For both cats, accuracy in localizing SS stimuli located toward the midline was more accurate (smaller error) and precise (smaller SD of error) than localizing these same stimuli at the peripheral locations. Thus the animals are both less accurate and less precise at localizing stimuli located in the periphery (see Moore et al 2008). Figure 5 shows normalized localization of PE stimuli by two cats tested with their heads free.…”

Section: Psychophysical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sound Source Location on the Behavior and Physiology of the Precedence Effect in Cats

Dent¹,

Tollin²,

Yin³

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Dent ML, Tollin DJ, Yin TC. Influence of sound source location on the behavior and physiology of the precedence effect in cats. J Neurophysiol 102: 724 -734, 2009. First published May 13, 2009 doi:10.1152/jn.00129.2009. Psychophysical experiments on the precedence effect (PE) in cats have shown that they localize pairs of auditory stimuli presented from different locations in space based on the spatial position of the stimuli and the interstimulus delay (ISD) between the stimuli in a manner similar to humans. Cats exhibit localization dominance for pairs of transient stimuli with ͉ISDs͉ from ϳ0.4 to 10 ms, summing localization for ͉ISDs͉ Ͻ 0.4 ms and breakdown of fusion for ͉ISDs͉ Ͼ 10 ms, which is the approximate echo threshold. The neural correlates to the PE have been described in both anesthetized and unanesthetized animals at many levels from auditory nerve to cortex. Single-unit recordings from the inferior colliculus (IC) and auditory cortex of cats demonstrate that neurons respond to both lead and lag sounds at ISDs above behavioral echo thresholds, but the response to the lag is reduced at shorter ISDs, consistent with localization dominance. Here the influence of the relative locations of the leading and lagging sources on the PE was measured behaviorally in a psychophysical task and physiologically in the IC of awake behaving cats. At all configurations of lead-lag stimulus locations, the cats behaviorally exhibited summing localization, localization dominance, and breakdown of fusion. Recordings from the IC of awake behaving cats show neural responses paralleling behavioral measurements. Both behavioral and physiological results suggest systematically shorter echo thresholds when stimuli are further apart in space. I N T R O D U C T I O NThe precedence effect (PE) is an auditory illusion thought to be responsible for a listener's ability to localize sounds accurately in the presence of echoes in reverberant environments. Laboratory studies on the PE typically mimic a somewhat simplified version of a natural listening situation where a sound (lead) and its echo (lag) are delivered from loudspeakers positioned at different spatial locations, times, or intensities to the listener's ears. Three perceptual phases of the PE have been mapped out by a number of studies. At a 0-ms lead-lag delay, the listener perceives only one fused sound at a position midway between the locations of the lead and the lag. As lead-lag delays increase, the perceived location of the fused auditory image moves toward the leading source until ϳ1 ms when it is perceived at the actual location of the leading source. This phase of the PE is known as summing localization. In the phase known as localization dominance, a single fused auditory image is perceived only at the location of the leading stimulus, as if the spatial information about the lagging source location had been suppressed. Depending on a number of characteristics, this phase lasts for lead-lag interstimulus delays (ISDs) ranging from 1 to ϳ10 ms . The upper end of loc...

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“…For example, the average error in absolute localization for a broadband sound source is about 5° for the frontal and about 20° for the lateral position Langendijk et al, 2001). Thus, it is possible that the MAA observed in these studies, where two sounds are presented in succession, and the precision of absolute localization, where only a single sound is presented, are not well correlated and measure two different human capabilities (Moore et al, 2008). This view is supported by results from animal studies, indicating that some types of lesions in the brain affect the precision of absolute localization but not the MAA (e.g., May, 2000;Young et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Auditory Spatial Perception: Auditory Localization

Łȩtowski¹,

Letowski²

2012

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Can measures of sound localization acuity be related to the precision of absolute location estimates?

Cited by 35 publications

References 59 publications

The acoustical bright spot and mislocalization of tones by human listeners

The acoustical bright spot and mislocalization of tones by human listeners

Influence of Sound Source Location on the Behavior and Physiology of the Precedence Effect in Cats

Auditory Spatial Perception: Auditory Localization

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