Can Nutritional Adequacy Help Evade Neurodegeneration in Older Age? A Review

Ajibawo-Aganbi, Uvie; Saleem, Sania; Khan, Seyad Zulficar Ali; Veliginti, Swathi; Bastidas, Maria V Perez; Lungba, Rayan M; Cancarevic, Ivan

doi:10.7759/cureus.10921

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A popular treatment for neurodegenerative diseases are omega-3 PUFA supplementations, specifically of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) [163,166]. These are long chain fatty acids containing numerous unsaturated bonds, with the first double bond at the n-3 position from the terminal methyl group, hence the name n-3 PUFAs [167].…”

Section: Nutritional Treatments/ Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Membrane Phospholipid Homeostasis in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Quan¹,

Bakovic²

2020

obm geriatr

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Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a diverse group of neuropathological diseases that are currently incurable due to the irreversible neuronal loss. At the present rate of the world population growth, it is projected that the number of ND cases will double by the year of 2050. With treatments only available for symptom management and relief, disease prevention may yield significant benefits. Recently, there had been association drawn between the disruption of phospholipid (PL) homeostasis and the progression of NDs. Pathological developments were observed in cellular processes including autophagy, maintenance of mitochondrial integrity, and management of tissue oxidative stress. As PLs actively participate in the regulation of these cellular pathways and in neuronal signal transduction for the maintenance of an optimally functioning nervous system, their homeostasis is tightly controlled via an intricate system of interconversion and metabolism. Therefore, in this review, the contribution of a homeostatic PL pool and the detrimental effects by the lack thereof, are discussed in detail as it relates to ND development.

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Section: Nutritional Treatments/ Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Membrane Phospholipid Homeostasis in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Quan¹,

Bakovic²

2020

obm geriatr

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“…The brain is particularly sensitive to changes in levels of one carbon metabolites, for example reduced levels of folate have been associated with various neurodegenerative diseases like cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia [8 ▪ ]. Furthermore, both folate and choline are tightly linked in the brain.…”

Section: One-carbon Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of dietary supplements that modulate one-carbon metabolism on stroke outcome

Yahn

Leoncio

Jadavji

2021

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Ischemic stroke results in disability and mortality worldwide. Nutrition is a modifiable risk factor for stroke. For example, deficiencies in one-carbon metabolism have been linked to increased risk of stroke through elevated levels of homocysteine. Some countries world-wide fortify their diets with folates to prevent neural tube defects, but deficiencies in other one-carbon metabolites, such as vitamin B12 and choline are still present in many populations. The aim of this review is to understand the current evidence on how dietary supplementation by nutrients which modulate one-carbon metabolism impact stroke outcome. Recent findings The results from clinical studies evaluating lowering homocysteine through B-vitamin supplementation on stroke risk remain unclear. Other clinical and preclinical studies have shown increasing dietary intake of one-carbon metabolism has some benefit on stroke outcome. Preclinical studies have shown that increased levels of nutrients which modulate one-carbon metabolism help facilitate recovery in damage models of the central nervous system. One the mechanisms driving these changes is neuroplasticity. Summary The data suggest that increasing dietary nutrients that modulate one-carbon metabolites in patients that are at a higher risk for and suffer from central nervous system diseases, such as stroke, could benefit in addition to other therapies.

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Section: Nutritional Treatments/ Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2020

obm geriatr

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Breast cancer and osteoporosis are both diseases of aging. The "one in eight" lifetime risks of breast cancer occur primarily in the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth decades of life. One-third of postmenopausal women will experience an osteoporotic fracture. It is the coalescence of osteoporosis, breast cancer, and breast cancer treatments that, in some cases, increases the risks of osteoporotic fracture. That makes it imperative to assess risk factors, screen, and prevent or treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Osteoporosis is primarily a genetic disease with a few modifiable risk factors. These risk factors include greater than two to three alcoholic drinks per day, current smoking, and decreased physical activity. The standard screening tool for osteoporosis is dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) that gives a readout of T-scores of the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck. The T-score is the number of standard deviations (SD) above or below the mean bone mineral density (BMD) of an average young adult of the same sex. For every SD below the mean BMD, the fracture risks double. Osteoporosis prevention and treatment do not differ in women with or without breast cancer. The difference is in breast cancer treatments, such as aromatase inhibitors (AI), which cause two to three-fold higher bone loss than average postmenopausal bone loss. Two classes of drugs for osteoporosis are oral and intravenous (iv) bisphosphonates and the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) ligand inhibitor, subcutaneous (sc) denosumab. All three prevent bone loss and reduce the likelihood of fragility fractures. The treatment choice depends upon patient and provider preferences, specific contraindications (e.g., renal insufficiency), compliance, and costs. Despite guidelines and algorithms for AIinduced bone loss, the screening and treatment of osteoporosis remain suboptimal in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. KeywordsOsteoporosis; breast cancer; postmenopausal women Table 4 Major Trials of Anti-Resorptive Drugs in Aromatase inhibitor-induced Bone Loss. Trial Treatments n Results (L/S BMD) † p-value Ref Brufsky ZA 4 mg iv q6 mo for 1 yr vs. delayed 502 2.0 vs. −2.5 <0.001 [59] Coleman ZA 4 mg iv q6 mo for 5 yrs vs. delayed 1065 4.3 vs. −5.4 <0.0001 [60] Ellis DEN 60 mg sc q6 mo for 2 years vs. placebo 262 6.0 vs. −1.6 <0.0001 [61] Gnant DEN 60 mg sc q6 mo for 5 years vs. placebo 3425 HR fractures = 0.50 95% CI 0.39-0.65 <0.0001 [62] Van Poznak Risedronate oral 35 mg/week for 2 years vs. placebo 111 2.2 vs. −1.85 <0.0001 [63] Sestak Risedronate oral 35 mg/week for 3 years vs. placebo 150 1.1 vs. −2.6 <0.0001 [64]Abbreviations: Zoledronic acid (ZA); denosumab (DEN); hazard ratio (HR); †percentage change in the lumbar spine per year.

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Can Nutritional Adequacy Help Evade Neurodegeneration in Older Age? A Review

Abstract: Ajibawo-Aganbi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Regulation of Membrane Phospholipid Homeostasis in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Regulation of Membrane Phospholipid Homeostasis in Neurodegenerative Diseases

The role of dietary supplements that modulate one-carbon metabolism on stroke outcome

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