Can the Ethics of the Fourth Estate Persevere in a Global Age?

Hansen, Ejvind

doi:10.5040/9780755694709.chapter14

Cited by 3 publications

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“…On the one hand, the contemporary public spheres are global in reach and as such exceed the politically defined jurisdictions. At the same time, they also close themselves around smaller and more exclusive communities, where it is not given that the estates themselves must be challenged (Hansen 2014).…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After inauguration, he continues to communicate both to the American people and political adversaries on Twitter. 4 From a deliberative perspective (Hansen 2013(Hansen , 2014(Hansen , 2015, this does not fulfil the complete criteria for successful democratic communication. But it does entail that traditional Fourth Estate media no longer constitute sole communication link between citizens and those in power (Eldridge 2017).…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If we follow this Derridean thread, it will help us to become aware of the structures of silence prevailing in the contemporary media. This is a point that has several times been articulated as a challenge (Fairclough 1992;Fairclough and Fairclough 2012;Hansen 2011Hansen , 2013Hansen , 2014Noelle-Neumann 1991). From a deliberative perspective, it is often seen as important to uncover silence, so that we can articulate and counteract hegemonic structures in the public discourse whereby silent voices can be heard in the public sphere.…”

Section: IIImentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Fourth Estate: The construction and place of silence in the public sphere

Hansen

2018

Philosophy & Social Criticism

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The main narratives of prevailing ideas of the Fourth Estate were articulated in the era of traditional mass media, and these traditional narratives are challenged by the changing media landscapes. This raises the question whether traditional narratives of the Fourth Estate should be maintained. We will argue – through a close reading of Derrida’s reflections on the relationship between communicative significance and silence, combined with a deliberative ideal for democracy – that the new structures of communication call for a Fourth Estate that focuses on creating spaces for flexible structures of silence in the public sphere. The Fourth Estate has an obvious assignment of counteracting problematic structures of silence (if certain important voices are not being heard). In this article, we will, however, bring out assignments of creating spaces of silence in the public sphere: by (a) silencing certain dominant voices, (b) making room for an increased lack of answers and (c) creating an awareness of the insufficiencies of the public spheres.

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Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: IIImentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Fourth Estate: The construction and place of silence in the public sphere

Hansen

2018

Philosophy & Social Criticism

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“…More recent critiques have argued that journalism was less an indispensable link between the state and the public than a self-interested broker, a relationship that has collapsed as modern Internet based media technologies allowed the direct participation and communication of members of the public in all spheres. (Anderson 2014;Hansen 2014Hansen , 2018cLewis et al 2008;Tumber 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The new configuration of the communication sphere calls for reflections on whether or not the journalistic profession still deserves to be understood within the ideals of the Fourth Estate, and in doing this it is certainly important to bring out what is of democratic value in the journalistic practices. We have previously contributed to such reflections in various ways (Hansen 2013(Hansen , 2014(Hansen , 2015a(Hansen , 2015b(Hansen , 2018a(Hansen , 2018b(Hansen , 2018c(Hansen , 2021a). In the current paper, deepening our claims, we will argue that if we are to assess the value of journalism as democratically educative, critically enlightening or merely informative, we cannot focus solely on the products of journalists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fourth estate operating by means of silencing

Hansen

2022

Journalism

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The traditional foundation of the placed reserved for the Fourth Estate in democratic practice is under pressure. To revitalize this idea, a focus upon how journalists handle silence professionally is suggested. It is argued that it is important to bring out how the handling of silence is carried out, and to understand that silence is not only something to be avoided. Silence is of foundational importance for communicative significance to emerge. In a reading of Deleuze, Heidegger and Derrida, we argue for a model in which silence is necessary for significant communicative exchanges. We avoid thoughtlessness by allotting a function to silence; for communication requires not just information but a channel of silence, so to speak. It is, finally, argued that it is important not to expect the revealed forms of silence to be problematic. It is demonstrated that certain forms of silence can be analysed as democracy enhancing because they permit less heated exchanges that make room for thoughtful contemplation.

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Silence Outside the Repressive Paradigm: Silence as a Condition for Public Exchanges

Hansen

2021

Critical Horizons

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Can the Ethics of the Fourth Estate Persevere in a Global Age?

Cited by 3 publications

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The Fourth Estate: The construction and place of silence in the public sphere

The Fourth Estate: The construction and place of silence in the public sphere

The fourth estate operating by means of silencing

Silence Outside the Repressive Paradigm: Silence as a Condition for Public Exchanges

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