2019
DOI: 10.5539/ibr.v12n11p30
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Can the External Environment Generate Better Economic Performance in Academic Spin-Offs?

Abstract: The strategic stimulus to economic development is innovation. It was defined by Schumpeter as the commercial or industrial application of something new (product, process, production method). New product developments grew out of process innovation, particularly the development of components made from new materials, and the techniques to produce them the value of process innovation is proportional to the level of output produced by a given firm. Based on this we can distinguish two different life cycles: the lif… Show more

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Cited by 1 publication
(3 citation statements)
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“…Regarding to the approach, it was decided to insert a classical structure of the descriptive statistics rather than the panel approach which provides for the analysis of different indicators with overall structures (which coincides with what was declared) between and within. This was possible because there were no significant differences among the different approaches (De Turi, Antonicelli, 2019). In these analyzes, dichotomous variables were excluded.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Regarding to the approach, it was decided to insert a classical structure of the descriptive statistics rather than the panel approach which provides for the analysis of different indicators with overall structures (which coincides with what was declared) between and within. This was possible because there were no significant differences among the different approaches (De Turi, Antonicelli, 2019). In these analyzes, dichotomous variables were excluded.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Where yi and εi have dimension (T × 1), xi has dimension (T × k) and β is the vector containing k parameters from to estimate (De Turi, Antonicelli, 2019). The peculiarity of this function concerns the constant which is configured as a vector of T constant elements equal to αi: this characteristic indicates first of all that for each individual only one value has to be estimatedof the constant and that, if α i ≠ α j for every i ≠ j, this constant measures the individual effect, i.e.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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