Can urine be a potential biohazard in times of SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic?

Mattos, Elaine Cristina de; Matsuda, Elaine Monteiro; Colpas, Daniela Rodrigues; Carvalho, Flavia Amendola Anisio de; Carmo, Andréia Moreira dos Santos; Daros, Vilma dos Santos Menezes Gaiotto; Campos, Ivana Barros de

doi:10.1002/jmv.26616

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Transmission of live virus has been demonstrated in ferrets that were intranasally inoculated with urine and stool samples [72]. This study, in conjunction with findings from environmental studies in a controlled experimental setting, demonstrated the potential range of urinary droplets, suggesting a theoretical risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from urine [69,73–75]. Popular press reported two individuals in Beijing who were thought to have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 after exposure to a public toilet; however, a full epidemiologic investigation was never published linking the cases and location [76].…”

Section: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmission...mentioning

confidence: 87%

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Infection prevention measures in acute care settings based on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission patterns and risk: a review

Yen

Berg

Pepe

2021

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewDuring the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, when facing extraordinary infection prevention challenges, acute care settings have balanced routine patient safety needs while minimizing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission risk to patients and healthcare personnel (HCP). Mitigation strategies in acute care settings are based on a combination of basic science, environmental, and epidemiologic evidence. Here, we review the literature on SARS-CoV-2 transmission, how it has shaped infection prevention interventions in acute care settings, and the results of such measures to reduce transmission.Recent findingsHCP adherence to transmission-based precautions in acute care settings, such as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), is essential to mitigating SARS-CoV-2 spread. Although the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been isolated in nonrespiratory body sites, such exposure has not been shown to definitively cause transmission in humans. Epidemiologic evidence has demonstrated that implementation and adherence to infection prevention strategies reduces acute setting transmission.SummaryGiven SARS-CoV-2 infection occurs primarily through respiratory transmission, preventing HCP acquisition requires fidelity to consistent PPE usage. Infection prevention strategies and implementation of transmission-based precautions have reduced spread and outbreaks. Epidemiologic studies of acute care outbreaks often include reports of PPE nonadherence and community exposure contributing to SARS-CoV-2 transmission within this setting.

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Section: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmission...mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Urine has been found to have detectable levels of SARS-CoV-2; however, the virus has not been consistently detected in the urine of infected patients [69,70]. When detected, it has most often occurred in hospitalized adults with moderate or severe disease who have confirmed viral RNA isolated in other sites [71].…”

Section: Urinementioning

confidence: 99%

Infection prevention measures in acute care settings based on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission patterns and risk: a review

Yen

Berg

Pepe

2021

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…Esse estudo ressaltou a importância desse fluido biológico como potencialmente infectante, e discutiu possíveis formas de transmissão/aquisição viral através de aerossóis formados durante descarga em banheiros públicos, manipulação (centrifugação) de urina em exames de laboratório, e cirurgias do aparelho urinário, entre outros. 27 Outro estudo importante conduzido nos laboratórios do CV e CLR-Santo André, comparou o desempenho de dois testes rápidos (imunocromatográficos) de pesquisa de antígeno de SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 Ag ECO Test, ECO Diagnóstica e Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test, Abbott) com a pesquisa de RNA pela RT-qPCR em 108 amostras de NP/OP de casos suspeitos de COVID-19. Foram usados três kits de RT-qPCR disponíveis nos laboratórios (GeneFinder COVID-19 Plus RealAmp Kit, Allplex Kit, e IDT, CDC/BioManguinhos).…”

Section: Pesquisas Relacionadas Ao Dignóstico Molecularunclassified

O Instituto Adolfo Lutz na pandemia COVID-19: Experiência no diagnóstico molecular e vigilância de SARS-CoV-2

Caterino-de-Araujo

2022

Bepa

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Este trabalho descreve os ensaios de rotina e as pesquisas realizadas no Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), durante a pandemia de COVID-19, relacionadas ao diagnóstico molecular da Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). É apresentada a partícula viral, seu genoma e os ensaios e kits utilizados durante o período, contextualizando seu uso e apontando os de melhor desempenho e custo-efetividade. Ademais, destaca as pesquisas relacionadas à utilização de material biológico obtido de gargarejo, saliva, urina e tecidos. Por meio de sequenciamento de nova geração, descreve as variantes virais encontradas no estado de São Paulo e depositadas no Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) ao longo do tempo, dando ênfase às variantes de interesse (variant of interest, VOI) e de atenção (variant of concern, VOC). Apresenta estudos sobre: técnica de sequenciamento SANGER da região S (spike) do genoma viral, útil na triagem de VOI e VOC; predição de estrutura terciária, estabilidade e flexibilidade da proteína, com ênfase à região de ligação do vírus ao seu receptor na célula hospedeira na variante P.1; e casos de possível “falha vacinal” relacionados à idade, tipo/local de trabalho e de residência, e a variante viral infectante. Além disso, menciona e discute os Boletins de Monitoramento de SARS-CoV-2, Vigilância Epigenômica, emitidos regularmente pela Instituição, onde é possível acompanhar o surgimento de variantes virais identificadas em cada um dos 17 Departamentos Regionais de Saúde do estado de São Paulo. Por fim, apresenta a relação das pessoas envolvidas direta ou indiretamente na força-tarefa COVID-19 do IAL.

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“…Apesar de ainda serem necessários mais estudos, SARS-CoV-2 tem a capacidade de infectar o epitélio intestinal humano com implicações importantes na transmissão fecal-oral (XIAO et al, 2020;ZHANG et al, 2020). Adicionalmente, há relatos de comprometimento renal caracterizado por proteinúria, hematúria, insuficiência renal aguda à falência de múltiplos órgãos (MARTINEZ-ROJAS et al, 2020;MATTOS et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Reação Em Cadeia Da Polimerase via Transcriptase Reversa (Rt-Pcr) Aplicada Ao Diagnóstico De Covid-19 Durante a Pandemia Em Laboratório De Saúde Pública

Carmo¹,

Campos²,

Cergole-Novella³

et al. 2021

Saúde Pública No Século Xxi: Pandemia De Covid-19

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Can urine be a potential biohazard in times of SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic?

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Infection prevention measures in acute care settings based on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission patterns and risk: a review

Infection prevention measures in acute care settings based on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission patterns and risk: a review

O Instituto Adolfo Lutz na pandemia COVID-19: Experiência no diagnóstico molecular e vigilância de SARS-CoV-2

Reação Em Cadeia Da Polimerase via Transcriptase Reversa (Rt-Pcr) Aplicada Ao Diagnóstico De Covid-19 Durante a Pandemia Em Laboratório De Saúde Pública

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