Can weight gain be prevented in women receiving treatment for breast cancer? A systematic review of intervention studies

Thomson, Zoe O.; Reeves, Marina M.

doi:10.1111/obr.12591

Cited by 30 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…In the no weight gain group, 36% of women lost weight and 64% maintained body weight during oncological treatment. There were no statistical differences in systemic therapy duration [ 33.9% (95% CI 32.0-35.8), p = 0.91] between women in the weight gain group and no weight gain group during the oncological treatment, respectively ( Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have suggested that women should be advised to prevent weight gain during breast cancer treatment, even those with adequate body weight at the time of diagnosis 17 . Dietary recommendations include the intake of a micronutrient-rich diet, low in simple carbohydrates and total fats 32,33 . In addition to helping to prevent weight gain, regular physical activities may reduce common side effects of breast cancer therapy, such as fatigue, depression and decreased muscle strength 34 , since nutritional counseling alone in women who were undergoing treatment for breast cancer did not prevent weight gain 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weight Gain during Systemic Oncologic Therapy for Breast Cancer: Changes in Food Intake and Physical Activity

Ribeiro-Sousa¹,

Mastelaro²,

Peria

et al. 2019

RBC

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Introduction: Weight gain frequently occurs during treatment for breast cancer. Objective: To evaluate changes in dietary intake and physical activity in the weight evolution of women on systemic oncologic treatment for breast cancer. Method: The prospective and comparative study included 89 women submitted to systemic oncologic treatment for breast cancer, grouped according to the occurrence of weight gain in relation to body weight documented before beginning treatment. Patients were classified as 1) Group with weight gain (those with an increase in body weight greater than or equal to 2% over pre-treatment weight); 2) Group without weight gain (those who maintained or lost weight during treatment). We calculated body mass index (BMI) of patients and analyzed their body composition by bioelectrical impedance (BIA). Changes in food intake, gastrointestinal symptoms, and physical activity level, as well as reductions in muscle and fat mass, were documented. Results: Tumor staging (p=0.24), use of antineoplastic drugs (p=0.23) and intention of treatment (p=0.61) were no different between the weight gain group (n=36) and no weight gain group (n=53). No difference was found in anthropometric and BIA data between the groups during oncologic treatment. Frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms was not different between the groups. However, increased food intake and bed rest, and a decrease in physical activity level were more frequent among women who gained weight during therapy. Conclusions: Weight gain in women undergoing systemic oncologic therapy for breast cancer may be, at least in part, caused by higher energy intake and lower physical activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight Gain during Systemic Oncologic Therapy for Breast Cancer: Changes in Food Intake and Physical Activity

Ribeiro-Sousa¹,

Mastelaro²,

Peria

et al. 2019

RBC

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“…Promising evidence suggested that weight gain may be prevented in EBC patients with diet intervention, achieving weight maintenance or loss [32,33]. The educational component of our intervention was based on international recommendations, promoting the Med-Diet, not using group educational sessions [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Tailored Nutrition Educational Intervention Improves Adherence to Dietary Guidelines, Anthropometric Measures and Serum Metabolic Biomarkers In Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients: A Prospective Interventional Study.

Trestini

Sperduti

Caldart

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose: The impact of the adherence to dietary guidelines of early-stage breast cancer (EBC) patients on body composition changes during treatment is not entirely defined. This study aimed to evaluate the role of an evidence-based nutrition educational intervention, according to adherence to dietary guidelines, in EBC patients.Methods: This prospective study included EBC patients, candidates for neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy. Patients received an evidence-based tailored nutrition educational intervention. The adherence to dietary guidelines, anthropometric and dietary assessments, and blood glucose and lipid profile tests were evaluated at baseline and after a 12-months nutritional intervention. Results: Two hundred and forty-three patients were enrolled (median age 49 years). At baseline, 38.3% and 23.9% of patients were overweight and obese, weight gain ≥5% and central obesity were observed in 47.3% and 52.7% of patients, respectively, and adherence to dietary guidelines was low (median Med-Diet score: 6). After 12-months of nutritional intervention (median follow-up: 22 months), adherence to dietary guidelines significantly increased (median Med-Diet score: 12, p<0.0001). High adherence to dietary guidelines (defines as Med-Diet score ≥10) significantly correlated with: 1) weight loss ≥5% (21.8% vs. 2.5%, p=0.003); 2) median BMI drop (from 25.6 kg/m2 to 24.4 kg/m2, p=0.003); 3) lower prevalence of central obesity (38.2% vs. 7.2%, p=0.01); 4) improvement in blood glucose levels and lipid profile. Conclusion: This study suggests that an evidence-based tailored nutrition educational intervention during treatment for EBC significantly increases overall adherence to dietary guidelines, and it improves both anthropometric measures and serum metabolic biomarkers in patients with high adherence.

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“…Thus, the importance of knowing, besides weight and BMI, the body composition of these patients becomes clear, given the evidence of a change in body composition after the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, with increased adipose tissue and reduced lean tissue, leading to the development of sarcopenic obesity 25 . Women evaluated in this study presented reduced lean mass and increased fat mass after cancer treatment, corroborating the results by Cisneros et al 26 , in which women with the same cancer diagnosis had increased fat mass and reduced lean mass after chemotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast cancer survivors have less lean mass and lower phase angle after cancer treatment

Justa¹,

Machado²,

Lima³

et al. 2019

Mastology

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Avaliar o estado do peso e a composição corporal de mulheres sobreviventes do câncer de mama após tratamento oncológico. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo clínico do tipo antes e depois, em que 27 pacientes sobreviventes do câncer de mama foram avaliadas antes (T0) e depois (T1) do tratamento oncológico (cirúrgico e clínico). Aferiram-se peso atual e estatura para definição do índice de massa corporal (IMC). A avaliação da composição corporal deu-se por impedância bioelétrica tetrapolar, sendo aferidos percentual de massa gorda e de massa magra e ângulo de fase. Aplicou-se o teste t de Student para avaliar a diferença de médias das variáveis antropométricas e de composição corporal entre T0 e T1, bem como o teste de McNemar para avaliar diferenças na prevalência de sobrepeso, adotando significância de 5%. Resultados: As pacientes têm aumento médio de 2,6 kg após o tratamento (p= 0,00) e 1,15 kg/m 2 no IMC (p= 0,00). O percentual de massa gorda aumenta 0,6% (p= 0,003) e há redução na massa magra (p=0,03) no T1. Em relação ao ângulo de fase, há diminuição média de 0,6 (p=0,026) após o tratamento. Conclusão: Mulheres sobreviventes do câncer de mama têm aumento de adiposidade, redução da massa magra e piora da integridade celular após o tratamento oncológico, o que sugere acréscimo de fatores de risco para recidiva da doença.

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Can weight gain be prevented in women receiving treatment for breast cancer? A systematic review of intervention studies

Abstract: SummaryBackground: Obesity and weight gain have been associated with poor disease-

Cited by 30 publications

References 61 publications

Weight Gain during Systemic Oncologic Therapy for Breast Cancer: Changes in Food Intake and Physical Activity

Weight Gain during Systemic Oncologic Therapy for Breast Cancer: Changes in Food Intake and Physical Activity

Evidence-Based Tailored Nutrition Educational Intervention Improves Adherence to Dietary Guidelines, Anthropometric Measures and Serum Metabolic Biomarkers In Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients: A Prospective Interventional Study.

Breast cancer survivors have less lean mass and lower phase angle after cancer treatment

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