Canadian Centre for Mental Health and Sport (CCMHS) Position Statement: Principles of Mental Health in Competitive and High-Performance Sport

Slingerland, Krista J. Van; Durand‐Bush, Natalie; Bradley, Lindsay; Goldfield, Gary S.; Archambault, Roger; Smith, D. E.; Edwards, Carla; Delenardo, Samantha; Taylor, Shaunna; Werthner, Penny; Kenttä, Göran

doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000665

Cited by 71 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Possibly, the most relevant interpretation of depression and anxiety in the current situation therefore may be the substantial gender differences and the association between clinical disorders and self-reported influence and concern related to the pandemic. Regardless of the potential association with the current crisis, the need for clinical attention to mental health in elite athletes has been highlighted during the past few years, including initiatives such as specialized treatment units for athletes with mental health problems [46], including in the present setting [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Distress and Problem Gambling in Elite Athletes during COVID-19 Restrictions—A Web Survey in Top Leagues of Three Sports during the Pandemic

Håkansson

Jonsson

Kenttä

2020

IJERPH

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COVID-19 and lockdown strategies may affect mental health and addictive behavior differently in the population, and elite athletes are among the professions clearly affected by the pandemic. This study in top elite athletes aimed to study current perceived psychological influence from COVID-19 and symptoms of depression, anxiety and changes in alcohol drinking, gambling behavior and problem gambling in the midst of the COVID-19 lockdown. This web survey included athletes in top leagues of soccer, ice hockey and handball in Sweden (N = 327, 62% men). A total of 66% and 51% were worried about the future of their sport or about their own future in sports, respectively. Feeling worse psychologically during the pandemic was common (72% of women, 40% of men, p < 0.001); depression criteria were endorsed by 19% of women and three percent of men (p < 0.001); anxiety criteria by 20% of women and five percent of men (p < 0.001). Reporting increased gambling during the pandemic was associated with gambling problem severity. Moderate-risk or problem gambling was seen in 10% of men and none of the women (p < 0.001). Depression and anxiety were associated with feeling worse during the COVID-19 pandemic and with concern over one’s own sports future. In conclusion, COVID-19-related distress is common in elite athletes and associated with mental health symptoms. Gambling increase during the pandemic was rare, but related to gambling problems, which were common in male athletes. The calls for increased focus on COVID-19-related concerns in athletes and on problem gambling in male athletes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Distress and Problem Gambling in Elite Athletes during COVID-19 Restrictions—A Web Survey in Top Leagues of Three Sports during the Pandemic

Håkansson

Jonsson

Kenttä

2020

IJERPH

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“…Elite athlete mental health research has evolved as a subset of psychiatry and psychology. Significant recent contributions from sports psychiatry and sport psychology (including clinical psychology) resulted in consensus, expert, and position statements on the individual, cultural, and environmental factors that affect the well-being of the athlete and inform the prevention and treatment of mental health symptoms and disorders [1] (see [3,5,[36][37][38][39][40]). A key recommendation is the need for action toward greater consistency in the development, evaluation, and reporting of mental health awareness programs [36].…”

Section: Elite Athlete Mental Health Literature Reviews and Consensus Statementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Screening and Tracking of Athletes and Digital Mental Health Solutions in a Hybrid Model of Care: Mini Review

Balcombe¹,

Leo²

2020

JMIR Form Res

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Background There is a persistent need for mental ill-health prevention and intervention among at-risk and vulnerable subpopulations. Major disruptions to life, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, present an opportunity for a better understanding of the experience of stressors and vulnerability. Faster and better ways of psychological screening and tracking are more generally required in response to the increased demand upon mental health care services. The argument that mental and physical health should be considered together as part of a biopsychosocial approach is garnering acceptance in elite athlete literature. However, the sporting population are unique in that there is an existing stigma of mental health, an underrecognition of mental ill-health, and engagement difficulties that have hindered research, prevention, and intervention efforts. Objective The aims of this paper are to summarize and evaluate the literature on athletes’ increased vulnerability to mental ill-health and digital mental health solutions as a complement to prevention and intervention, and to show relationships between athlete mental health problems and resilience as well as digital mental health screening and tracking, and faster and better treatment algorithms. Methods This mini review shapes literature in the fields of athlete mental health and digital mental health by summarizing and evaluating journal and review articles drawn from PubMed Central and the Directory of Open Access Journals. Results Consensus statements and systematic reviews indicated that elite athletes have comparable rates of mental ill-health prevalence to the general population. However, peculiar subgroups require disentangling. Innovative expansion of data collection and analytics is required to respond to engagement issues and advance research and treatment programs in the process. Digital platforms, machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence are useful for mental health screening and tracking in various subpopulations. It is necessary to determine appropriate conditions for algorithms for use in recommendations. Partnered with real-time automation and machine learning models, valid and reliable behavior sensing, digital mental health screening, and tracking tools have the potential to drive a consolidated, measurable, and balanced risk assessment and management strategy for the prevention and intervention of the sequelae of mental ill-health. Conclusions Athletes are an at-risk subpopulation for mental health problems. However, a subgroup of high-level athletes displayed a resilience that helped them to positively adjust after a period of overwhelming stress. Further consideration of stress and adjustments in brief screening tools is recommended to validate this finding. There is an unrealized potential for broadening the scope of mental health, especially symptom and disorder interpretation. Digital platforms for psychological screening and tracking have been widely used among general populations, but there is yet to be an eminent athlete version. Sports in combination with mental health education should address the barriers to help-seeking by increasing awareness, from mental ill-health to positive functioning. A hybrid model of care is recommended, combining traditional face-to-face approaches along with innovative and evaluated digital technologies, that may be used in prevention and early intervention strategies.

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“…A call for an early intervention framework [18] stemmed from the opportunity created from increased awareness of the issues. A range of consensus and position statements [19][20][21][22][23][24] formed a foundation for high-level athletes being proposed as fertile ground for digital mental health implementation with a focus on maladjustment and resilience [5]. Valid athlete psychological screening instruments e.g.…”

Section: Athlete Psychological Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Athlete Psychological Resilience and Integration with Digital Mental Health Implementation Amid Covid-19

Balcombe¹,

Leo²

2021

Anxiety, Uncertainty, and Resilience During the Pandemic Period - Anthropological and Psychological Perspectives

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The current pandemic’s effect on mental health is uncertain with reports of it being largely negative related to loneliness and unemployment. There are different responses to pandemic stress with regards to cultural differences and social environment. Athletes are special in their experience of psychological resilience – there is a trend of positive adjustment to adversity and stress. However, further systematic review is required to confirm these findings along with an athlete-specific psychological resilience instrument. Key themes in relationships include a dichotomous mental health state marked by maladjustment and subsequent resilience, biopsychosocial factors as well as an array of cultural, social and environmental support and demands marked by stressors within and outside of sport. Digital mental health implementation is a logical next step for advancing the construct of athlete psychological resilience towards complementing an effective prevention and early intervention. However, mental health practitioners are grappling with digital mental health in a hybrid model of care. There is a need for converging on methodologies due to the rapid development of digital technologies which have outpaced evaluation of rigorous digital mental health interventions. The functions and implications of human and machine interactions require explainable and responsible implementation for more certain and positive outcomes to arise.

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Canadian Centre for Mental Health and Sport (CCMHS) Position Statement: Principles of Mental Health in Competitive and High-Performance Sport

Cited by 71 publications

References 27 publications

Psychological Distress and Problem Gambling in Elite Athletes during COVID-19 Restrictions—A Web Survey in Top Leagues of Three Sports during the Pandemic

Psychological Distress and Problem Gambling in Elite Athletes during COVID-19 Restrictions—A Web Survey in Top Leagues of Three Sports during the Pandemic

Psychological Screening and Tracking of Athletes and Digital Mental Health Solutions in a Hybrid Model of Care: Mini Review

Athlete Psychological Resilience and Integration with Digital Mental Health Implementation Amid Covid-19

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