Cancer and non-cancer epidemiological study in the high background radiation area of Yangjiang, China

Zou, Jianming; Tao, Zufan; Sun, Qiang; Akiba, Suminori; Zha, Yongru; Sugahara, Tsutomu; Wei, Luxin

doi:10.1016/j.ics.2004.11.167

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…When compared with 27,900 controls who received 0.68 mSv/y from external sources, the relative rate (RR) of cancer deaths of 23,718 people who received 2.46 mSv/y external radiation was 0.91 . There was no statistically significant increase in either total cancer or non-cancer mortality attributable to radiation (Zou et al, 2005).…”

Section: Chinamentioning

confidence: 76%

Documented optimum and threshold for ionising radiation

Luckey

2007

IJNUCL

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A concept of the complete dose-response curve of ionising radiation will allow us to live in harmony with this ubiquitous agent. Convincing data show ionising radiation is essential for life. Ambient levels of ionising radiation (about 2 mSv/y without medical and cosmic radiation) are adequate for life but insufficient for abundant health. We live with a partial deficiency of ionising radiation. Thousands of people have lived for generations with 2-20 times the ambient levels of radiation without showing ill health. A conservative threshold, the maximum safe level of radiation, was estimated from abundant rodent data to be about 8000 mSv/y. When human and rodent data were collated, a conservative optimum of 60 mSv/y was obtained. Radiation levels greater than the threshold are harmful. The facts suggest that radiobiologists and governments should abandon the 'linear no threshold' (LNT) paradigm and accept natural and industrial low level sources of ionising radiation in order to promote abundant health.

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Section: Chinamentioning

confidence: 76%

Documented optimum and threshold for ionising radiation

Luckey

2007

IJNUCL

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“…These studies did not find any statistically significant excess mortality due to cancer or non-cancer diseases [8,9]. The examinations were made mainly against external exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A China-Japan cooperative study was organized and radiological and epidemiological studies were carried out [2,[5][6][7][8][9][10]. These studies did not find any statistically significant excess mortality due to cancer or non-cancer diseases [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study for dose evaluation in high-level natural radiation areas of Yangjiang, China

Omori

Tokonami

Ishikawa

et al. 2015

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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A pilot study to measure ambient gamma dose rate and radon and thoron progeny concentrations was made for eight dwellings selected in Yangjiang, China. Indoor and outdoor ambient gamma dose rates were 110-370 and 100-220 nGy h -1 , respectively. Doses received from indoor terrestrial radiation were estimated to be 0.6-1.8 mSv year -1 . Radon, thoron and thoron progeny concentrations were 19-98, 18-1120 and 0.4-10.3 Bq m -3 , respectively. This pilot study showed that the position of passive-type monitors to be placed and the deployment period should be carefully determined for estimating reliable annual average concentrations.

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“…There was also no association observed between cancer mortality and external radiation dose, though the dose–response analyses were based on three relatively similar low dose groups (<1.98, 1.98–2.24, >2.24–3.1 mSv y−1) that do not discriminate between subjects with doses of very different magnitude. A significant effect was seen, however, between HNBR areas and control areas with respect to non-cancer mortality, including cerebro-vascular diseases, tuberculosis, viral infections, and diseases of the digestive system (in particular chronic liver disease) [30]. In these studies, information on other risk factors for these diseases (including smoking, hepatitis B virus infection, alcohol consumption, consumption of some food stuffs) was not taken into account, and therefore no inferences on radiation effects other than cancer can be drawn.…”

Section: Review Of Health and Biological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human exposure to high natural background radiation: what can it teach us about radiation risks?

et al. 2009

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Natural radiation is the major source of human exposure to ionising radiation, and its largest contributing component to effective dose arises from inhalation of 222Rn and its radioactive progeny. However, despite extensive knowledge of radiation risks gained through epidemiologic investigations and mechanistic considerations, the health effects of chronic low-level radiation exposure are still poorly understood. The present paper reviews the possible contribution of studies of populations living in high natural background radiation (HNBR) areas (Guarapari, Brazil; Kerala, India; Ramsar, Iran; Yangjiang, China), including radon-prone areas, to low dose risk estimation. Much of the direct information about risk related to HNBR comes from case–control studies of radon and lung cancer, which provide convincing evidence of an association between long-term protracted radiation exposures in the general population and disease incidence. The success of these studies is mainly due to the careful organ dose reconstruction (with relatively high doses to the lung), and to the fact that large-scale collaborative studies have been conducted to maximise the statistical power and to ensure the systematic collection of information on potential confounding factors. In contrast, studies in other (non-radon) HNBR areas have provided little information, relying mainly on ecological designs and very rough effective dose categorisations. Recent steps taken in China and India to establish cohorts for follow-up and to conduct nested case–control studies may provide useful information about risks in the future, provided that careful organ dose reconstruction is possible and information is collected on potential confounding factors.

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Cancer and non-cancer epidemiological study in the high background radiation area of Yangjiang, China

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Documented optimum and threshold for ionising radiation

Documented optimum and threshold for ionising radiation

A pilot study for dose evaluation in high-level natural radiation areas of Yangjiang, China

Human exposure to high natural background radiation: what can it teach us about radiation risks?

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