Cancer Biomarkers (An Overview)

Cho, William C.S.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3186-0_2

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The majority of lung cancer is diagnosed at a relatively late stage, and recurrence is common even after optimal therapy. However, there is currently no promising diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for this lethal disease (Cho, 2007a(Cho, , 2010a. Proteins are the workhorse molecules of life.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…There is hope that oncoproteomics research may help to develop new approaches for early cancer diagnosis, to determine the best therapies for individual patients with specific types of cancer, and to predict whether cancer will recur after treatment Cho, 2007b;Cohen et al, 2008;Gámez-Pozo et al, 2009;Han et al, 2009). In recent years, proteomics has been propelled by advances in mass spectrometry (MS) that high-throughput protein profiling enables large-scale screening of proteins within a small sample volume (Cho, 2009). This study aims to use protein profiling for the identification of serum biomarkers that can distinguish patients with lung cancer from healthy controls, as well as differentiate lung cancer patients between poor prognosis and good prognosis, which may potentially provide non-invasive biomarkers for the detection of lung cancer and the prediction of survival in lung cancer patients.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Serum amyloid A is elevated in the serum of lung cancer patients with poor prognosis

Cho

Yip²,

Cheng

et al. 2010

Br J Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is known as the top cancer killer in most developed countries. However, there is currently no promising diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for lung cancer. This study aims to discover non-invasive differential markers in the serum of lung cancer patients, to determine the protein identity of the candidate biomarker(s), and to investigate any clinical implication of the biomarker(s) concerned. METHODS: Blood specimens were collected from 154 pre-operative patients with lung cancer and 35 healthy blood donors with no evidence of lung cancer. Fractionated serum samples were processed by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS). Candidate biomarker was identified using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and tryptic digestion followed by tandem MS fragmentation analysis, which was subsequently validated with immunoassay. RESULTS: A differential protein with m/z 11.6 kDa was detected and identified as an isoform of human serum amyloid A (SAA). It was significantly increased by 1822% in lung cancer patients when compared with the healthy controls, which gave an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.88. In addition, the protein was also significantly elevated by 77% in lung cancer patients with survival o5 years when compared with patients with survival X5 years. CONCLUSION: There are several functions of the SAA protein, described in the context of inflammation, that are compatible with the mechanism of tumour invasion and metastasis. Our study not only detected increased SAA level in the serum of lung cancer patients but also identified that elevated SAA level may be a non-invasive biomarker useful for the prediction of lung cancer prognosis.

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confidence: 99%

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Serum amyloid A is elevated in the serum of lung cancer patients with poor prognosis

Cho

Yip²,

Cheng

et al. 2010

Br J Cancer

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“…Currently there is no promising diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer. 5 Various studies have been conducted to identify biomarkers of lung cancer and serum amyloid A (SAA), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and soluble Ecadherin (sE-cadherin) have generated encouraging results regarding their use in the diagnosis of lung cancer. [6][7][8][9][10] The level of SAA which is an acute inflammatory marker is seen to increase as the cells progress to dysplasia and neoplasia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of serum amyloid A, soluble E-selectin and soluble E-cadherin as lung cancer biomarkers

et al. 2017

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INTRODUCTIONLung cancer has remained one of the commonest cancers and is the most important cause of cancer related deaths. 1 Symptoms in patients of lung cancer are non-specific and include persistent cough, haemoptysis, shortness of breath, chest pain and debility, which are also seen in many other non-malignant lung diseases. Commonly used investigations for the diagnosis of lung cancer are CT FNAC and bronchoscopy both being interventional. Despite the development of new treatment and therapies designed to increase the 5 year survival rate, lung cancer still remains the deadliest cancer.2 Screening with low dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been advocated but detection of false positive cases with it has been found to be upto 50%, as it also detects non-calcified ABSTRACT Background: Lung cancer screening is a challenge. Sputum cytology, chest X-ray, low dose computed tomography and other screening methods have not proved to be very effective. Serum biomarkers are a new hope in screening of lung cancer. The present study was planned to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of serum levels of amyloid A (SAA), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and soluble E-cadherin (sE-cadherin) as lung cancer biomarkers. Methods: An observational and cross-sectional study comprised of three groups with 20 subjects each of proven lung cancer cases, patients with non-malignant respiratory diseases and healthy controls. Levels of SAA, sE-selectin and sE-cadherin were measured by solid phase sandwich ELISA. Individual and collective sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers was analysed and cut off values calculated by receiver operating curves. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the median levels (ng/ml) of SAA in patients of lung cancer, other non-malignant respiratory diseases, and healthy controls, the levels (Mean±SD) being 24980.50±6564.14,9961.10±2000.24 and 580.95±334.94 respectively in the three groups. A sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 55% was found when SAA levels of 1068 ng/ml were taken as cut off for screening of lung cancer. However, no significant difference was found in the serum levels of sE selectin and sE cadherin between the three groups. Moreover, significant association of biomarkers could also not be established with lung cancer when they were used in combination. Conclusions: In this preliminary report from India, SAA has been found to be a promising biomarker in screening for lung cancer.

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“…There are still many obstacles to develop clinically useful cancer biomarkers, including technical challenges associated with pre-analytical variables and validating potential cancer biomarkers, as well as challenges associated with developing, evaluating and incorporating the screening or diagnostic tests that make use of those cancer biomarkers into clinical practice [3].…”

Section: Challenges and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent technological advances in biomedical research have made it easier to identify many molecular biomarkers that may potentially improve cancer screening and detection, advance the drug development process, and enhance the effectiveness and safety of cancer care by allowing physicians to tailor treatment for individual patients [3]. Proteomics is a promising technology for the identification of biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for cancers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proteomics and translational medicine: molecular biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of therapy outcome

Cho¹

2011

Expert Review of Proteomics

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Cancer Biomarkers (An Overview)

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

Serum amyloid A is elevated in the serum of lung cancer patients with poor prognosis

Serum amyloid A is elevated in the serum of lung cancer patients with poor prognosis

Evaluation of serum amyloid A, soluble E-selectin and soluble E-cadherin as lung cancer biomarkers

Proteomics and translational medicine: molecular biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of therapy outcome

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