Cancer Cachexia and Tumor Growth Reduction in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats Supplemented With N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for One Generation

Togni, Valéria Giglio; Ota, Claudia C C; Folador, Alessandra; Júnior, O Tchaikovski; Aikawa, Júlia; Yamazaki, Ricardo Key; Freitas, Fábio A; Longo, Rita; Martins, Edgair Fernandes; Calder, Philip C.; Curi, Rui; Fernandes, Luíz Cláudio

doi:10.1207/s15327914nc4601_07

Cited by 52 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Thus, dietary fish supplementation may have caused a reduction in plasma and/or whole blood viscosity that contributed to the decrease in renal vascular resistance. On the other hand, the control rats supplemented with fish oil had serum triacylglycerol and cholesterol levels similar to control animals (25). So, the lack of effect of this supplementation on renal function of control animals observed in the present study should be explained in part by the constancy of plasma lipid levels and in part by the little effect of inhibition of cyclooxygenase products on the renal parameters of normal rats and humans (3,4).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

“…Treatment with fish oil significantly reversed the reduction of food intake observed in the W rats, and reduced tumor growth rate. In a previous study by our group, we observed that several "cachectic" serum parameters such as glucose, lactate, cholesterol, and HDL-C returned to normal levels in WP rats (25). The mechanisms by which n-3 PUFAs combat neoplasmic cells are still unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…At 90 days of age half the animals of each group were injected into the right flank with a sterile suspension of 2 x 10 7 Walker 256 tumor cells obtained from an ascitic tumorbearing rat, and the other animals were injected with 1.0 ml 0.9% (w/v) NaCl without anesthesia, as previously described (25). The amount injected ensured that the tumor mass was 8-10% of the carcass weight at the time of the measurements (the 14th day after inoculation).…”

Section: Study Design and Tumor Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of chronic fish oil supplementation on renal function of normal and cachectic rats

Fernández

Piechnik

Fabris

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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In the present study we determined the effect of chronic diet supplementation with n-3 PUFA on renal function of healthy and cachectic subjects by providing fish oil (1 g/kg body weight) to female rats throughout pregnancy and lactation and then to their offspring postweaning and examined its effect on renal function parameters during their adulthood. The animals were divided into four groups of 5-10 rats in each group: control, control supplemented with fish oil (P), cachectic Walker 256 tumor-bearing (W), and W supplemented with fish oil (WP). Food intake was significantly lower in the W group compared to control (12.66 ± 4.24 vs 25.30 ± 1.07 g/day). Treatment with fish oil significantly reversed this reduction (22.70 ± 2.94 g/day). Tumor growth rate was markedly reduced in the P group (16.41 ± 2.09 for WP vs 24.06 ± 2.64 g for W). WP group showed a significant increase in mean glomerular filtration rate compared to P and control (1.520 ± 0.214 ml min -1 kg body weight -1 ; P < 0.05). Tumor-bearing groups had low urine osmolality compared to control rats. The fractional sodium excretion decreased in the W group compared to control (0.43 ± 0.16 vs 2.99 ± 0.87%; P < 0.05), and partially recovered in the WP group (0.90 ± 0.20%). In summary, the chronic supplementation with fish oil used in this study increased the amount of fat in the diet by only 0.1%, but caused remarkable changes in tumor growth rate and cachexia, also showing a renoprotective function.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Study Design and Tumor Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of chronic fish oil supplementation on renal function of normal and cachectic rats

Fernández

Piechnik

Fabris

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Plasma glucose, triacylglycerol (TAG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations were measured through colorimetric enzymatic assays as described by Togni et al 14 , 72-h after the last training section and at least 12 h fast. The results are expressed as mg/dL.…”

Section: Biochemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interval Training Is Insufficient to Attenuate Metabolic Disturbances in Diabetic Rats

Rocha

Nunes

Venera

et al. 2016

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is a metabolic disease associated to blood disturbances and disorder of the innate immune system functionality. Objective: This study investigated the effect of two weeks interval training on blood biochemistry and immunological parameters in rats with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: sedentary (SE, n = 10), diabetic sedentary (DI, n = 10), diabetic interval training (DIT, n = 10). IV injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) induced diabetes. Interval training consisted of swimming exercise for 30 seconds with 30 seconds of rest for 30 minutes three times a week during two weeks, with an overload of 15% of the total body mass. The evaluations performed were fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol concentrations, phagocytic capacity, cationic vesicles content, superoxide anion, and production of hydrogen peroxide of blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages. Results: The results showed that two weeks interval training did not attenuate the hyperglycemic state at rest and did not decrease blood lipids in the DIT group. Diabetes increased the functionality of blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages in the DI group. Interval training increased the content of cationic vesicles and the phagocytic capacity of blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages in the DIT group. Conclusion: It was found that two weeks of interval training increased the functionality parameters of innate immune cells, although this has been insufficient to attenuate the biochemical disorders caused by diabetes.

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“…Fatty acids were then extracted three times with 2 ml hexane. After the extraction procedure and saponification [24][25][26] the fatty acids were derivatized with 4-bromomethyl-7 methoxycoumarim [27], and the analysis performed on a Varian model LC-10A liquid chromatography. The samples were placed on a C8 column (25 cm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm of particles), with a flow rate of 1 ml/min of acetonitrile/water (77:23, vol/vol), and a fluorescence detector (325 nm excitation and 395 nm emission).…”

Section: Determination Of Fatty Acids Content By Hplc and Alkylglycermentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and Shark Liver Oil Supplementation Reduce Tumor Growth and Cancer Cachexia in Walker 256 Tumor Bearing Rats

Bordignon¹

2014

J Cancer Sci Ther

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This study investigated whether exercise associated to shark liver oil supplementation (1 g/kg b.w./day) affects tumor growth, cachexia, lipid peroxidation and proteins expression involved in cell death in Walker 256 tumorbearing rats. Animals were divided into 4 groups: sedentary tumor-bearing (W), sedentary tumor-bearing shark liver oil supplemented (WSL), exercised tumor-bearing (EW) and exercised tumor-bearing shark liver oil supplemented (EWSL). Training sessions consisted of 6 bouts, 30 seconds each with 50% body-weight load attached to the trunk followed by 1 minute of resting (jump training). Five minutes after the finish jump training the exercise groups were subjected to 30 minutes of continuous swimming with a load equivalent to 6% of body weight, 4 times a week during 8 weeks. Tumor cells were injected at the 6 th training week and all groups were killed 15 days post inoculation. Tumor weight (g) in W group was of 26.50 ± 1.79 and in the WSL, EW and EWSL was of 14.08 ± 0.91, 15.60 ± 0.55 and 12.60 ± 1.07, respectively. The group W showed hypoglycemia (68.67 ± 2.12 mg/dl), hyperlactacidemia (1.49 ± 0.06 mmol/L), hypertriacylglycerolemia (161.4 ± 9.4 mg/dl) and body weight reduction (13.21 ± 2.25 g) characterizing cachexia state. The groups WSL, EW and EWSL presented reduction of tumor cells proliferation ex vivo, and the production of hydroperoxide and apoptosis was increased. Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio was increased only in the exercised groups. Shark liver oil supplementation and exercise alone were able in to avoid the installation of cachexia state and also reduced tumor growth, but the association of both cause further effect only in the tumor growth.

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Cancer Cachexia and Tumor Growth Reduction in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats Supplemented With N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for One Generation

Cited by 52 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of chronic fish oil supplementation on renal function of normal and cachectic rats

Effect of chronic fish oil supplementation on renal function of normal and cachectic rats

Interval Training Is Insufficient to Attenuate Metabolic Disturbances in Diabetic Rats

Exercise and Shark Liver Oil Supplementation Reduce Tumor Growth and Cancer Cachexia in Walker 256 Tumor Bearing Rats

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