2022
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081630
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Cancer Immunotherapy and Delivery System: An Update

Abstract: With an understanding of immunity in the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy turns out to be a powerful tool in the clinic to treat many cancers. The strategies applied in cancer immunotherapy mainly include blockade of immune checkpoints, adoptive transfer of engineered cells, such as T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages, cytokine therapy, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic virotherapy. Many factors, such as product price, off-target side effects, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and cancer c… Show more

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Cited by 24 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Cancer vaccines learn immune systems to tackle the transformed cells. The vaccines are made Engineered Cells, Cytokine Therapy, Oncolytic Viruses, and Cancer Vaccines (77) .…”
Section: Cancer Immunotherapymentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Cancer vaccines learn immune systems to tackle the transformed cells. The vaccines are made Engineered Cells, Cytokine Therapy, Oncolytic Viruses, and Cancer Vaccines (77) .…”
Section: Cancer Immunotherapymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fig. (3): Kinds of Immunotherapy; A Blockade Immune Checkpoints, Adoptive Transfer ofEngineered Cells, Cytokine Therapy, Oncolytic Viruses, and Cancer Vaccines(77) .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, conventional chemotherapeutic drugs are not specifically targeted to the tumor, which results in systemic toxicity and undesired side effects (8)(9)(10). In addition, immunotherapy usually shows low objective response rate (~20%), as well as some complications including autoimmune diseases, nonspecific inflammation, and unexpected toxicities (11)(12)(13). In contrast, local therapeutic methods, such as implantable devices, have been gaining increasingly high interests because they act directly on tumor tissues, which is able to achieve greater efficacy and minimize systemic side effects (14)(15)(16).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[18] Immunotherapy is gradually used for the treatment of various cancers. [19][20][21] It has also been widely applied in TC. [12,[22][23][24][25][26] With the wide application of immunotherapy in TC, a large number of related studies have emerged, accompanied by the publication of scientific papers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%