Cancer Incidence among Finnish Workers Exposed to Halogenated Hydrocarbons

Anttila, Ahti; Pukkala, Eero; Sallmén, Markku; Hernberg, Sven; Hemminki, Kari

doi:10.1097/00043764-199507000-00008

Cited by 202 publications

(160 citation statements)

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“…Nonetheless, the difference between this reported OR and the average risk in the Tier I cohort studies is striking. It may, in part, reflect differences in exposures between biomarker studies (generally < 40 ppm) (18,24) and subjects in this study (66) who experienced narcotic symptoms, which can occur only at much higher exposure levels [e.g., 200 mL/m3, Stopps (106)]. These findings are also supported by the results of Dosemeci et al (68).…”

Section: Community-based Studiessupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Mortality is elevated in two of three reports, with an average of RR = 1.2, 95% CI 0.9-1.7 based on 56 deaths. Risks appear to increase with increasing latency (time since first exposure) in the biomarker study of Anttila et al (24) and with mean exposure in Axelson et al (18). There is no clear exposure-response pattern in the Boice et al data (21).…”

Section: Community-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In addition to several reviews human evidence evidence (13). (115) and Swaen (116) about the design of their study (10), calculate the combined OR among six case-control studies (60)(61)(62)(63)(64)83) McLaughlin and Blot (116) subsequently review the epidemiology of TCE and kidney cancer in seven cohort studies (10,18,19,24,30,31,104) and six case-control studies (57,(60)(61)(62)83,84) In their discussion, they fail to distinguish results either between men and women or incidence and mortality, and argue that none of the cohort studies except "the methodologically questionable" Henschler et al. study (10) The newest data on kidney cancer suggest different interpretations, although Weiss (6) and McLaughlin and Blot (117) caution the reader on the interpretation of these results because the Tier I cohort studies they had available showed, at best, a weak response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This set of studies (Table 1) determines exposures using urinary biomarkers (18), job exposure matrices (19)(20)(21)(22)(23), and job histories (10,24 (18), all exhibiting a moderate healthy-worker effect.…”

Section: Cohort Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trichloroethylene and cancer: epidemiologic evidence.

Wartenberg

Reyner

Scott

2000

Environ Health Perspect

203

156

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Trichloroethylene is an organic chemical that has been used in dry cleaning, for metal degreasing, and as a solvent for oils and resins. It has been shown to cause liver and kidney cancer in experimental animals. This article reviews over 80 published papers and letters on the cancer epidemiology of people exposed to trichloroethylene. Evidence of excess cancer incidence among occupational cohorts with the most rigorous exposure assessment is found for kidney cancer (relative risk lRR] = 1.7, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 1.1-2.7), liver cancer (RR = 1.9, 95% Cl 1.0-3.4), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (RR = 1.5, 95% Cl 0.9-2.3) as well as for cervical cancer, Hodgkin's disease, and multiple myeloma. However, since few studies isolate trichloroethylene exposure, results are likely confounded by exposure to other solvents and other risk factors. Although we believe that solvent exposure causes cancer in humans and that trichloroethylene likely is one of the active agents, we recommend further study to better specify the specific agents that confer this risk and to estimate the magnitude of that risk.

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Section: Community-based Studiessupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Community-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cohort Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trichloroethylene and cancer: epidemiologic evidence.

Wartenberg

Reyner

Scott

2000

Environ Health Perspect

203

156

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“…[205][206][207][208] Other occupational cohorts in the US, 209 Sweden, 210 Finland 211 and Denmark, 212,213 and 2 case-control studies 117,214 have reported positive associations, albeit without evidence of exposure-response relationships based on urinary trichloroacetic acid (TCA) concentrations. 210,211 Significant positive associations with several NHL types were reported among men and women from New Jersey communities where TCE had been found in drinking water. 215 In contrast, no association was reported in a California community where the drinking water was contaminated with ammonium perchlorate and TCE (SIR 5 1.09, 99% CI: 0.84-1.38).…”

Section: Occupational and Environmental Chemical Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: A review of the epidemiologic literature

et al. 2007

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Exposure to organic solvents and breast cancer in women: A hypothesis

Labrèche

Goldberg

1997

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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Incidence rates for breast cancer have increased steadily over the last 25 years, particularly among postmenopausal women. Secular changes in accepted and suspected risk factors can explain only a part of this increase. Given the increasing number of women in the workforce, it is possible that increases in breast cancer incidence may be caused by occupational exposure to hazardous agents. In particular, we hypothesize that organic solvents act directly as genotoxic agents or indirectly through their metabolites. Most organic solvents are highly lipophilic and are readily absorbed and distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream. Organic solvents are biotransformed mostly in the liver and the kidneys through a series of oxidative and reductive reactions, some of them resulting in bioactivation. There are indications of P‐450 enzymatic oxidative activity in the breast parenchyma, but there appears to be limited detoxification of highly reactive metabolites. The physiology of the breast may also accentuate the accumulation of chemicals: breast parenchyma is embedded in a fat depot capable of storing lipophilic xenobiotics; it is conceivable that organic solvents and their metabolites, once stored in fat tissues, migrate to the breast parenchyma and are then transferred to the mammary lobules through continuous apocrine secretions. These secretions may reside in the ductular system long enough for the solvents and their bioactivated metabolites to locally exert detrimental effects. The evidence supporting this hypothesis is that many organic solvents have been detected in breast milk, the majority of carcinomas occur in the ductular system, and some organic solvents have been shown to produce mammary gland cancer in experiments on rodents. Further toxicological and epidemiologic studies are required to test this hypothesis, to elucidate the mechanisms, and to identify specific carcinogenic organic solvents. Am. J. Ind. Med. 32:1114, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Cancer Incidence among Finnish Workers Exposed to Halogenated Hydrocarbons

Cited by 202 publications

References 0 publications

Trichloroethylene and cancer: epidemiologic evidence.

Trichloroethylene and cancer: epidemiologic evidence.

The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: A review of the epidemiologic literature

Exposure to organic solvents and breast cancer in women: A hypothesis

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