Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2016

Zheng, Rongshou; Zhang, Siwei; Zeng, Hongmei; Wang, Shao Ming; Sun, Kexin; Chen, Ru; Li, Li; Wei, Wenqiang; He, Jié

doi:10.1016/j.jncc.2022.02.002

Cited by 1,111 publications

(809 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The expected cancer rate was calculated by multiplying patient-years by cancer incidence in the general Chinese population. The estimated cancer incidence rates referred to the age-, gender-, area-, and site-specific rates reported in 2006-2015 by the National Central Cancer Registry of China (NCCR; dataset in Supplementary Table S1) [24][25][26]. The standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), which is the ratio of observed to expected cancers cases, of each cancer type, were calculated to compare the risk of cancer in patients with AID with that in the general Chinese population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comprehensive depiction of the atlas of cancer distribution, incidence and time interval in AID patients will help in the prevention, early detection and proper management of cancer in AID paients. [26, 30] In this large‐scale study in China, patients with the five major AIDs, including SLE, SS, RA, IIM and SSc, showed an increased risk of developing cancer, with a predominance in women and younger patients. The cancer incidence, predilection sites and cancer onset time varied greatly in each AID entity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The five major autoimmune diseases increase the risk of cancer: epidemiological data from a large‐scale cohort study in China

Zhou

Liu

Yang

et al. 2022

Cancer Communications

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Background Cancer incidence and mortality have received critical attention during the long‐term management of morbidities in patients with autoimmune diseases (AIDs). This study aimed to investigate and compare the risk of cancer associated with five major AIDs in a large‐scale Chinese cohort. Methods A total of 8,120 AID patients consecutively admitted to a national tertiary referral center in China were included and followed‐up for 38,726.55 patient‐years, including those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), systemic scleroderma (SSc), and idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). Demographic data, cancer incidence, predilecting sites and cancer onset time were recorded and compared among the five AIDs. Results Four hundred and thirty (5.3%) patients developed cancer. Their median age was 57.5 years and AID duration was 79.8 months. The estimated total standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of cancer in AIDs patients was 3.37, with the highest SIR observed in IIM (4.31), followed by RA (3.99), SSc (3.77), SS (2.88) and SLE (2.58). The increased SIR of cancers in AID patients showed a female predominance (female vs. male: 3.59 vs. 2.77) and younger patient involvement (age <50 vs. ≥50 years: 4.88 vs. 3.04). Patients with SLE had increased SIRs for developing hematologic malignancies and solid tumors located in the urinary bladder, corpus uteri and cervix uteri. Patients with SS had a significantly high SIR for developing non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. Within 3 years of IIM diagnosis, 74.6% of the patients developed cancer and they had a high risk of ovarian cancer. RA was associated with a wide distribution of scancers, including non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, gynecologic, urinary tract, thyroid gland and lung cancers. SSc patients had increased SIRs for developing cervical uterine, lung, and breast cancers. Conclusion Patients with five major AIDs in China had an increased risk of developing cancer, with a predominance in women and younger patients, although cancer incidence, predilection sites and cancer onset time may vary greatly in each AID entity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The five major autoimmune diseases increase the risk of cancer: epidemiological data from a large‐scale cohort study in China

Zhou

Liu

Yang

et al. 2022

Cancer Communications

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“…It is estimated to have approximately 281,550 new cases and 43,600 deaths in 2021 in the United States ( 8 ). In addition, a recent nationwide statistics report estimated 306,000 new cases and 71,700 deaths in 2016 in China ( 9 ). Breast cancers are traditionally categorized into four molecular subtypes based on the IHC expression of classic hormone and growth factor receptors including the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), as well as a proliferation marker Ki-67 protein expression ( 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Prospect of Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Luo

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer (estimated 2.3 million new cases in 2020) and the leading cause of cancer death (estimated 685,000 deaths in 2020) in women globally. Breast cancers have been categorized into four major molecular subtypes based on the immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression of classic hormone and growth factor receptors including the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), as well as a proliferation marker Ki-67 protein expression. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a breast cancer subtype lacking ER, PR, and HER2 expression, is associated with a high metastatic potential and poor prognosis. TNBC accounts for approximately only 15%–20% of new breast cancer diagnoses; it is responsible for most breast cancer–related deaths due to the lack of targeted treatment options for this patient population, and currently, systemic chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical excision remain the major treatment modalities for these patients with TNBC. Although breast cancer patients in general do not have a robust response to the immunotherapy, a subset of TNBC has been demonstrated to have high tumor mutation burden and high tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, resembling the features observed on melanoma or lung cancers, which can benefit from the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Therefore, the immunogenic nature of this aggressive disease has presented an opportunity for the development of TNBC-targeting immunotherapies. The recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of atezolizumab in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent nab-paclitaxel for the treatment of PD-L1-positive unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic TNBC has led to a new era of immunotherapy in TNBC treatment. In addition, immunotherapy becomes an active research area, both in the cancer biology field and in the oncology field. In this review, we will extend our coverage on recent discoveries in preclinical research and early results in clinical trials from immune molecule-based therapy including cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates, bi-specific or tri-specific antibodies, ICIs, and neoantigen cancer vaccines; oncolytic virus-based therapies and adoptive immune cell transfer–based therapies including TIL, chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T), CAR-NK, CAR-M, and T-cell receptor-T. In the end, we will list a series of the challenges and opportunities in immunotherapy prospectively and reveal novel technologies such as high-throughput single-cell sequencing and CRISPR gene editing-based screening to generate new knowledges of immunotherapy.

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“…In February 2022, the National Cancer Center released the latest issue of cancer statistics in China. In general, the incidence of CRC is 10.67% in men and 9.26% in women, and the overall incidence of CRC is 10.04% [ 4 ]. Feng et al [ 5 ] analyzed the current cancer situation in China according to the data provided by Cancer Today Institute in 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a prognostic scoring system for patients with colorectal cancer hepato-pulmonary metastasis: a retrospective study

et al. 2022

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Background Hepato-pulmonary metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a rare disease with poor prognosis. This study aims to establish a highly efficient nomogram model to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with colorectal cancer hepato-pulmonary metastasis (CRCHPM). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with CRCHPM from SEER database and Wuhan Union Hospital Cancer Center (WUHCC). A total of 1250 CRCHPM patients were randomly assigned to the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts from 2010 to 2016.Univariate and multivariate cox analysis were performed to identify independent clinicopathological predictors of OS and CSS, and a nomogram was constructed to predict OS and CSS in CRCHPM patients. Results A nomogram of OS was constructed based on seven independent predictors of age, degree of differentiation, T stage, chemotherapy, number of lsampled lymph nodes, number of positive lymph nodes, and tumor size. Nomogram showed favorable sensitivity in predicting OS at 1, 3 and 5 years, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) values of 0.802, 0.759 and 0.752 in the training cohort;0.814, 0.769 and 0.716 in the internal validation cohort;0.778, 0.756 and 0.753 in the external validation cohort, respectively. A nomogram of CSS was constructed based on three independent predictors of T stage, chemotherapy, and tumor size. The AUROC values of 1, 3 and 5 years were 0.709,0.588,0.686 in the training cohort; 0.751, 0.648,0.666 in the internal validation cohort;0.781,0.588,0.645 in the external validation cohort, respectively. Calibration curves, Concordance index (C-index), and decision curve analysis (DCA) results revealed that using our model to predict OS and CSS is more efficient than other single clinicopathological characteristics. Conclusion A nomogram of OS and CSS based on clinicopathological characteristics can be conveniently used to predict the prognosis of CRCHPM patients.

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Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2016

Cited by 1,111 publications

References 22 publications

The five major autoimmune diseases increase the risk of cancer: epidemiological data from a large‐scale cohort study in China

The five major autoimmune diseases increase the risk of cancer: epidemiological data from a large‐scale cohort study in China

Progress and Prospect of Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Development and validation of a prognostic scoring system for patients with colorectal cancer hepato-pulmonary metastasis: a retrospective study

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