Cancer incidence and mortality in Brunei Darussalam, 2011 to 2020

Abstract

This study presents the trends of age-standardised incidence and mortality rates of common cancers in Brunei Darussalam from 2011 to 2020. All cancer cases diagnosed among Brunei Darussalam citizens and permanent residents in the period 2011 to 2020 were included in the study. De-identified data were provided by the CanReg5 based BDCR, Ministry of Health Brunei Darussalam. The annual age-standardised incidence and mortality rates per 100,000 persons were standardised by the direct method using the World Health Organization (WHO) world standard population distribution. Joinpoint regression analyses were used to study the incidence and mortality trends of cancer in Brunei Darussalam over the 2011–2020 period. Trends were expressed as average annual percent change (AAPC) over 2011 to 2020, or annual percent change (APC) for a given time period. There were a total of 6,495 new cancer cases diagnosed and 3,359 death cases recorded from 2011 to 2020, in Brunei Darussalam. The five common cancers for males were colorectal, lung and bronchus, prostate, liver, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Among females, the five most common cancers were breast, colorectal, lung and bronchus, corpus uteri and cervix uteri. The five leading cancer deaths for males were lung and bronchus, colorectal, liver, prostate, and stomach, while for females, the five leading cancer deaths were breast, lung and bronchus, colorectal, ovary, and cervix uteri. There was a significant increase in the incidence trend of corpus uteri (AAPC$$:13.3$$ : 13.3 ) and a significant decline in the incidence trend for cervical cancer (AAPC$$:-4.5$$ : - 4.5 ) from 2011 to 2020. There was a significant increase in the mortality trend of female breast cancer from 2011 to 2015 (APC$$:16.3$$ : 16.3 ), but the trend significantly declined from 2015 to 2020 (APC$$:-12.5$$ : - 12.5 ). We also found a significant decrease in mortality trends for stomach cancer (AAPC$$:-4.7$$ : - 4.7 ) from 2011 to 2020 for both genders combined. The burden of common cancers is expected to continue to grow with ageing population, effective public health interventions targeting high burden cancers and high-risk groups, and control of modifiable risk factors will continue to be the essential approaches in reducing cancer burden.

Survival Analysis of Lung Cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam

“…In 2016, 353 deaths attributable to cancer accounted for 21.6% of all deaths and lung cancer alone resulted in 68 death cases or 19.3% of cancer mortality, representing the first leading cause of mortality in men and the second leading cause of mortality in women after breast cancer (Ministry of Health Brunei Darussalam, 2016). Leong et al, (2023) analysed database of the national cancer registry (Brunei Darussalam Cancer Registry) and reported that the age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) per 100,000 persons for malignancy of lungs and bronchus in both males and females in Brunei Darussalam in 2020 were 24.2 and 17.8 respectively. This study aims to investigate the survival statistics of primary lung cancer in Brunei Darussalam corresponding to factors including stages of cancer, period of diagnosis and sociodemographic characteristics such as age groups, genders, ethnicities and place of living.…”

“…The BDCR recently published a comprehensive 20-years report (Ministry of Health Brunei Darussalam, 2022). To enhance data completeness, the registry routinely sources cancer listings from the pathology department, national death registry and medical records from the health services (Leong et al, 2023). Since the establishment of electronic medical records, Brunei Healthcare Information Management System (BruHIMS) in 2013, data accuracy was enhanced with finer verification of information in the medical records (Leong et al, 2019).…”

A Case Report on Alpha-Fetoprotein-Positive Colorectal Cancer

“…It ranks as the third most common cancer in men and the second most common in women (10.6% vs. 9.4%), according to the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates [ 1 ]. To no surprise, Brunei Darussalam also recorded first in incidence and second in mortality for CRC, with a lifetime risk of 5%, higher than the other member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) [ 2 ].…”