Cancer incidence in a population potentially exposed to radium-226 at Dalgety Bay, Scotland

Black, Robert B.; Sharp, Linda; Finlayson, Alan; Harkness, Elaine

doi:10.1038/bjc.1994.23

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…191 Stebbings et al 196 reported a morbidity excess (SIR 5 2.31, 95% CI: 0.93-4.76) among white female radium dial workers; however, significant findings were restricted to the pre-1930 cohort (SMR 5 2.84, 95% CI: 1.04-6.19). Black et al 180 reported no association among a population potentially exposed to radium-226 particles (SIR 5 1.07, 95% CI: 0.13-3.86). Tomasek et al 192 reported an SMR of 1.08 (95% CI: 0.22-3.13) among uranium miners in West Bohemia, with 2 of the 3 observed deaths occurring in the highest cumulative radon exposure group.…”

Section: Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an early study, Cuzick 176 reported a significantly increased relative risk among pooled occupational cohorts with exposures to radiation (RR 5 2.05, 95% CI: 1.4-2.9); however, recent studies among occupational cohorts have not confirmed these findings. [177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195] In the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) cohort, Atkinson et al 177 reported no significant excess risk based on external comparisons with the population of England and Wales (SMR for nonradiation workers 5 1.19, 95% CI: 0.76-1.77; SMR for radiation workers 5 0.65, 95% CI: 0.38-1.04). A significant inverse association (RR 5 0.42, 95% CI: 0.21-0.85) was reported for radiation workers compared to nonradiation workers, however.…”

Section: Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple myeloma: A review of the epidemiologic literature

et al. 2007

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Multiple myeloma, a neoplasm of plasma cells, accounts for 15% of lymphatohematopoietic cancers (LHC) and 2% of all cancers in the US. Incidence rates increase with age, particularly after age 40, and are higher in men, particularly African American men. The etiology is unknown with no established lifestyle, occupational or environmental risk factors. Although several factors have been implicated as potentially etiologic, findings are inconsistent. We reviewed epidemiologic studies that evaluated lifestyle, dietary, occupational and environmental factors; immune function, family history and genetic factors; and the hypothesized precursor, monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (MGUS). Because multiple myeloma is an uncommon disease, etiologic assessments can be difficult because of small numbers of cases in occupational cohort studies, and few subjects reporting exposure to specific agents in case-control studies. Elevated risks have been reported consistently among persons with a positive family history of LHC. A few studies have reported a relationship between obesity and multiple myeloma, and this may be a promising area of research. Factors underlying higher incidence rates of multiple myeloma in African Americans are not understood. The progression from MGUS to multiple myeloma has been reported in several studies; however, there are no established risk factors for MGUS. To improve our understanding of the causes of multiple myeloma, future research efforts should seek the causes of MGUS. More research is also needed on the genetic factors of multiple myeloma, given the strong familial clustering of the disease. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: multiple myeloma; epidemiology Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of plasma cells that results in an overproduction of light and heavy chain monoclonal immunoglobulins. The specific immunoglobulin secreted by the malignant cell is the M-protein, named in reference to its monoclonal characteristics. It is found in the serum and/or urine of persons affected with multiple myeloma.

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Section: Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple myeloma: A review of the epidemiologic literature

et al. 2007

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“…The evidence from ecologic studies is, however, inconclusive (100). The epidemiologic evidence for a causal association between exposure to ionizing radiation and pancreatic cancer is weak (101). Since active tobacco smoking increases the risk of pancreatic cancer, environmental tobacco smoke may compound the tobacco-related burden of pancreatic cancer; relevant data, however, are lacking (102), except for positive findings from Japan (65).…”

Section: Environmental and Occupational Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, trends and environmental etiology of pancreatic cancer

Weiderpass¹,

Partanen²,

Kaaks³

et al. 1998

Scand J Work Environ Health

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This review summarizes data on the occurrence, the trends, and the life-style, environmental, occupational and genetic determinants of pancreatic cancer. Epidemiologic evidence implicates tobacco smoking as one cause. The evidence regarding alcohol consumption is inconsistent. Although both positive and inconclusive findings are encountered, the bulk of the evidence on coffee consumption is negative. Fat intake is linked with obesity and diabetes mellitus, which are risk factors for pancreatic cancer. Fruit and vegetable consumption appears to be protective. No occupational or environmental agent has been confirmed to increase the risk, but epidemiologic evidence is inconsistent. Little is known about the role of genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes in pancreas carcinogenesis. Pancreatic cancer shows high rates of mutations of Ki-ras and losses or mutations of tumor suppressor genes (p53, p16'NK4A, and SMAD4PDPC-4). Ki-ras mutations have been associated with life-style factors in relation to pancreatic cancer, but the evidence is still scant and inconsistent.Key terms environmental exposure, epidemiology, occupational exposure, pancreatic neoplasms, rewiew, risk factors.A total of 181 000 new cases of pancreatic cancer (International Classification of Diseases: code 157 in 9th revision and code C25 in 10th revision) are annually diagnosed worldwide (1). Owing to its high fatality, pancreatic cancer is the 5th leading cause of cancer deaths in industrialized nations. Most pancreatic cancers derive from the exocrine component. Endocrine tumors arising in islet cells constitute about 5% of all pancreatic cancers (2).The causes of pancreatic cancer are obscure for the most part. This review summarizes data on the occurrence, the trends, and the life-style, environmental, occupational and genetic determinants of exocrine pancreatic cancer. Descriptive epidemiologyBecause of the rapid fatality from pancreatic cancer, its incidence and mortality rates follow each other closely ' and increase steeply among people 40-70 years of age.

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“…In the context of the health outcomes in the Great Lakes, some studies have shown a significantly higher incidence of pancreatic cancer following exposure to radiation from nuclear fallout (17) or as a result of therapy for ankylosing spondylitis (18). Occupational exposure to pesticides, solvents, petroleum compounds, and naphthylamine has been associated with pancreatic cancer in chemical and coke plant workers, sawmill workers, paper manufacturers, miners and metal workers, and those in medical trades (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory studies have found that liver cancer increases following exposure to pesticides, herbicides, pyrralizidine alkaloids, and industrial chemicals, specifically cycasin and nitrosamines (18,25,26). Economic and social risk factors are implicated in colorectal cancer, since the highest incidence of this cancer are, with the exception of Japan, in the most industrialized countries (17). Genetic and anatomic factors play a role and being male, subsisting on a Western diet (27,28), consuming alcohol (29) and tobacco (30), migrating to high-risk countries, possessing a higher income and education, and consuming highly refined foods, sugar, and caffeine along with nulliparity and previous diseases of the bowel (31) all increase colorectal cancer risk (18).…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%