Cancer mortality in four northern wheat-producing states.

Schreinemachers, Dina M.

doi:10.1289/ehp.00108873

Cited by 41 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…83 For all studies, it appears that prenatal exposure to insecticides, particularly in the household, as well as both maternal and paternal occupational exposure before conception through birth represent the most consistent risk factors. 83,86,87,[95][96][97][98][99][100] Ewing Sarcoma…”

Section: Childhood Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Exposure in Children

Roberts¹,

Karr²,

Paulson³

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

254

106

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Pesticides are a collective term for a wide array of chemicals intended to kill unwanted insects, plants, molds, and rodents. Food, water, and treatment in the home, yard, and school are all potential sources of children’s exposure. Exposures to pesticides may be overt or subacute, and effects range from acute to chronic toxicity. In 2008, pesticides were the ninth most common substance reported to poison control centers, and approximately 45% of all reports of pesticide poisoning were for children. Organophosphate and carbamate poisoning are perhaps the most widely known acute poisoning syndromes, can be diagnosed by depressed red blood cell cholinesterase levels, and have available antidotal therapy. However, numerous other pesticides that may cause acute toxicity, such as pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and rodenticides, also have specific toxic effects; recognition of these effects may help identify acute exposures. Evidence is increasingly emerging about chronic health implications from both acute and chronic exposure. A growing body of epidemiological evidence demonstrates associations between parental use of pesticides, particularly insecticides, with acute lymphocytic leukemia and brain tumors. Prenatal, household, and occupational exposures (maternal and paternal) appear to be the largest risks. Prospective cohort studies link early-life exposure to organophosphates and organochlorine pesticides (primarily DDT) with adverse effects on neurodevelopment and behavior. Among the findings associated with increased pesticide levels are poorer mental development by using the Bayley index and increased scores on measures assessing pervasive developmental disorder, inattention, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Related animal toxicology studies provide supportive biological plausibility for these findings. Additional data suggest that there may also be an association between parental pesticide use and adverse birth outcomes including physical birth defects, low birth weight, and fetal death, although the data are less robust than for cancer and neurodevelopmental effects. Children’s exposures to pesticides should be limited as much as possible.

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Section: Childhood Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Exposure in Children

Roberts¹,

Karr²,

Paulson³

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

254

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In an ecological study, Schreinemachers 131 used total wheat acreage in Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota and Montana as a surrogate for exposure to chlorophenoxy herbicides, and reported a nonsignificant inverse association with NHL risk among white men (SRR 5 0.79, 95% CI: 0.60-1.03) and no association among white women (SRR 5 0.97, 95% CI: 0.72-1.29) living in areas with the highest category of wheat acreage per county. In a rural farming community in Michigan, no significant excess risk of NHL was reported (SIR 5 1.14, 95% CI: 0.74-1.69) based on the expected incidence rates in the Connecticut tumor registry.…”

Section: Occupational and Environmental Factors Occupational And Envimentioning

confidence: 99%

The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: A review of the epidemiologic literature

et al. 2007

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“…Findings from studies evaluating risk of multiple myeloma and exposure to pesticides as a general category, including findings among persons who reported ever using pesticides or among licensed pesticide applicators, have been inconsistent, as some studies reported positive associations, 71,84,87,112,115,117,109 while others reported inverse associations. 79,84,87,106,110,111,115,118,121 The inconsistent results across studies remain when specific classes of pesticides or chemical exposures are evaluated. 43,79,97,104,115,120 Furthermore, there is no evidence of a significant exposureresponse relationship, based on intensity and/or duration of pesticide use.…”

Section: Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple myeloma: A review of the epidemiologic literature

et al. 2007

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Multiple myeloma, a neoplasm of plasma cells, accounts for 15% of lymphatohematopoietic cancers (LHC) and 2% of all cancers in the US. Incidence rates increase with age, particularly after age 40, and are higher in men, particularly African American men. The etiology is unknown with no established lifestyle, occupational or environmental risk factors. Although several factors have been implicated as potentially etiologic, findings are inconsistent. We reviewed epidemiologic studies that evaluated lifestyle, dietary, occupational and environmental factors; immune function, family history and genetic factors; and the hypothesized precursor, monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (MGUS). Because multiple myeloma is an uncommon disease, etiologic assessments can be difficult because of small numbers of cases in occupational cohort studies, and few subjects reporting exposure to specific agents in case-control studies. Elevated risks have been reported consistently among persons with a positive family history of LHC. A few studies have reported a relationship between obesity and multiple myeloma, and this may be a promising area of research. Factors underlying higher incidence rates of multiple myeloma in African Americans are not understood. The progression from MGUS to multiple myeloma has been reported in several studies; however, there are no established risk factors for MGUS. To improve our understanding of the causes of multiple myeloma, future research efforts should seek the causes of MGUS. More research is also needed on the genetic factors of multiple myeloma, given the strong familial clustering of the disease. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: multiple myeloma; epidemiology Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of plasma cells that results in an overproduction of light and heavy chain monoclonal immunoglobulins. The specific immunoglobulin secreted by the malignant cell is the M-protein, named in reference to its monoclonal characteristics. It is found in the serum and/or urine of persons affected with multiple myeloma.

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Cancer mortality in four northern wheat-producing states.

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

Pesticide Exposure in Children

Pesticide Exposure in Children

The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: A review of the epidemiologic literature

Multiple myeloma: A review of the epidemiologic literature

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