Cancer of the Endolarynx, Epilarynx and Hypopharynx in South-Western Europe: Assessment of Tumoral Origin and Risk Factors

Nutrition and pharyngeal cancer: Results from a case‐control study in Spain

“…Tentatively, this effect could be linked to an association between cereals (corn flakes) and high milk consumption in breakfast and, generally speaking, with a healthy diet. Nevertheless, whereas legumes are generally found to be inversely associated with cancer of the pharynx, frequent consumption of maize has been strikingly reported to increase the risk for oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal cancer, although the effect, caused by unknown reasons, seems to be confined to individuals reporting high consumption of alcoholic beverages 49 (see earlier percentage of patients with OP and HP cancers who are alcoholics in our series).…”

“…In this respect, it can be hypothesized that there exists a relationship between high fried food consumption and a low polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio. This type of ratio has been reported to be a risk factor for pharyngeal cancer by Lehman et al, 49 among other authors. It should be taken into account that meat is shown to be a risk factor in our case-control study (OR, 1.70 for frequent Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; fiber foods = dietary fiber-containing foods (cereals and legume), except wheat bread; frequent intake = 3 to 4 days a week; high intake = 5 to 7 days a week; low intake = 1 to 2 days a week; no intake = never; OR = odds ratio (after adjustment for tobacco smoking and alcoholic beverage drinking); very low intake = 1 to 3 days a month.…”

“…It is likely that the comparatively greater consumption of pork and lamb in Spain relative to the United States (where both McLaughlin and Winn conducted their studies) enables one to explain our higher OR for frequent consumption of meat, if saturated fatty acid excess is to be considered as a risk factor for pharyngeal cancer as many authors do. Thus, Lehman et al 49 carried out a multicenter study on diet and HP and laryngeal cancer simultaneously in Spain, Italy, France, and Switzerland and found that a low ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids was a clear risk factor for the cancers under study. Este Âve et al 45 confirmed this finding in the same countries by means of a similar study.…”

Trends in laryngeal cancer mortality in Europe

“…Moreover, there are problems of death certification reliability and validity in various countries. Despite potential uncertainties in the distinction between hypophaynx and epilarynx, 15,16 and a moderate degree of overreporting of this cause of death in the 1970s, 17 death certification for laryngeal cancer is sufficiently reliable to permit meaningful inference on trends for most European countries. 17,18 As no major change has been introduced in the classification and coding of laryngeal cancer across subsequent revisions of ICD, it is unlikely that these trends have been materially influenced by changes in diagnosis and certification of the disease.…”

Μορφολογική Μελέτη Του Μοριακού Δικτύου Των Μεταγραφικών Παραγόντων PPARγ RXRα NF-κΒ Του Υποδοχέα EGFR Και Του Ενζύμου COX-2 Κατά Την Καρκινογένεση Στο Λαρυγγικό Επιθήλιο Και Το Μικροπεριβάλλον Του

“…Κλασικά, το κάπνισμα και η κατανάλωση αλκοόλ έχουν θεωρηθεί οι σπουδαιότεροι παράγοντες κινδύνου για τον καρκίνο του λάρυγγα, εξαιτίας της σταθερής συσχέτισής τους με αυξημένο σχετικό κίνδυνο στις περισσότερες επιδημιολογικές μελέτες. Μία από αυτές, που διεξάχθηκε σε μεγάλο πληθυσμό της Β. Ιταλίας κατέληξε στο συμπέρασμα, πως 90% των περιστατικών θα είχαν προληφθεί με την αποφυγή καπνίσματος και αλκοόλ12 . Είναι σήμερα…”