Cancer Omics in Africa: Present and Prospects

Jaddaoui, Islam El; Allali, Imane; Sehli, Sofia; Ouldim, Karim; Hamdi, Salsabil; Idrissi, Najib Al; Nejjari, Chakib; Amzazi, Saaïd; Bakri, Youssef; Ghazal, Hassan

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.606428

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Therefore, further functional and genetic epidemiological research is needed on all continents, particularly in Africa, to gain a more in-depth understanding of the different genome variations and variants involved in the pathophysiology of PCa and thus to move toward targeted treatment programs suited to Africans. To make this a reality, large-scale genomic consortia must be set up to investigate the omics of African populations ( El Jaddaoui et al, 2020 ; Acheampong et al, 2021 ). Of note, the global profiling of the genetic architecture of PCa cannot be straightforward without the analysis of the African genome.…”

Section: Challenges and Prospects In Pca Genomics Research In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of prostate cancer genomic studies in Africa

et al. 2022

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Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed in men worldwide and one of the most frequent cancers in men in Africa. The heterogeneity of this cancer fosters the need to identify potential genetic risk factors/biomarkers. Omics variations may significantly contribute to early diagnosis and personalized treatment. However, there are few genomic studies of this disease in African populations. This review sheds light on the status of genomics research on PCa in Africa and outlines the common variants identified thus far. The allele frequencies of the most significant SNPs in Afro-native, Afro-descendants, and European populations were compared. We advocate how these few but promising data will aid in understanding, better diagnosing, and precisely treating this cancer and the need for further collaborative research on the genomics of PCa in the African continent.

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Section: Challenges and Prospects In Pca Genomics Research In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of prostate cancer genomic studies in Africa

et al. 2022

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“…The recent advances in molecular diagnostics have contributed to an increasing disparity between patients in the West and those in the developing world where access to such technology remains wanting, both because of lack of trained pathologists with molecular sub-specialization but also as a result of lack of testing facilities within sub Saharan Africa ( 26 , 27 ). One solution toward bridging this gap is the establishment of collaboration between pathology departments in the LMIC with molecular diagnostic laboratories in the West and the creation of virtual molecular tumor boards both as a platform for peer discussion and capacity building ( 28 ).…”

Section: Closing the Gap- Access To Molecular Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Best Practice in Cancer Care in Sub Saharan Africa

Sharma

Sayed²,

Saleh³

2022

Front. Med.

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Promoting best practice in the management of a cancer patient is rooted in the application of new knowledge derived through various sources including population science, laboratory advances, and translational research. Ultimately, the impact of these advances depends on their application at the patient's bedside. A close collaboration between the oncologist and the pathologist is critical in underwriting progress in the management of the cancer patient. Recent advancements have shown that more granular characteristics of the tumor and the microenvironment are defining determinants when it comes to disease course and overall outcome. Whereas, histologic features and basic immunohistochemical characterization were previously adequate to define the tumor and establish treatment recommendation, the growing capability of the pathologist to provide molecular characterization of the tumor and its microenvironment, as well as, the availability of novel therapeutic agents have revolutionized cancer treatment paradigms and improved patient-outcomes and survival. While such capacity and capability appear readily available in most developed high-income countries (HIC), it will take a concerted and collaborative effort of all stakeholders to pave the way in the same stride in the low and middle-income countries (LMIC), which bear a disproportionate burden of human illness and cancers. Patients in the LMIC present with disease at advanced stage and often display characteristics unlike those encountered in the developed world. To keep stride and avoid the disenfranchisement of patients in the LMIC will require greater participation of LMIC patients on the global clinical trial platform, and a more equitable and affordable sharing of diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities between the developed and developing world. Key to the success of this progress and improvement of patient outcomes in the developing world is the close collaboration between the oncologist and the pathologist in this new era of precision and personalized medicine.

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“…Some studies have successfully fine-mapped significant PCa-associated genetic variants using African ancestry datasets. However, the findings could only explain 30– 33% of prostate cancer variability among African individuals (7). A distinct genomic landscape of PCa and genetic polymorphisms associated with specific ethnic groups may lead to different metabolic adaptations that permit tumour cells to increase (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Multi-omics data integration approach identifies potential biomarkers for Prostate cancer

Chikwambi

Hidjo

Chikondowa

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies, and many studies have shown that PCa has a poor prognosis, which varies across different ethnicities. This variability is caused by genetic diversity. High-throughput omics technologies have identified and shed some light on the mechanisms of its progression and finding new biomarkers. Still, a systems biology approach is needed for a holistic molecular perspective. In this study, we applied a multi-omics approach to data analysis using different publicly available omics data sets from diverse populations to better understand the PCa disease etiology. Methodology: Our study used multiple omic datasets which included genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic datasets to better identify drivers for PCa. We first perform an individual omics analysis based on the standard pipeline for each dataset. Furthermore, we applied a novel multi-omics pathways algorithm to integrate all the individual omics datasets. This algorithm applies the p-values of enriched pathways from individual omics data types, which are then combined using the MiniMax statistic to prioritize pathways dysregulated in the omics datasets. Result: The single omics result indicated an association between up-regulated genes in RNA-Seq data and the metabolomics data. Glucose and pyruvate are the primary metabolites, and the associated pathways are glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pyruvate kinase deficiency, and the Warburg effect pathway. Conclusion: From the interim result, the identified genes in RNA-Seq single omics analysis are linked with the significant pathways from the metabolomics analysis. The multi-omics pathway will eventually enable the identification of biomarkers shared amongst these different omics datasets to ease prostate cancer prognosis.

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Cancer Omics in Africa: Present and Prospects

Cited by 6 publications

References 82 publications

Review of prostate cancer genomic studies in Africa

Review of prostate cancer genomic studies in Africa

Promoting Best Practice in Cancer Care in Sub Saharan Africa

Multi-omics data integration approach identifies potential biomarkers for Prostate cancer

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