Objectives: Due to the obvious links between disease representations and health outcomes, the interest of researchers is to develop interventions aimed to correct dysfunctional beliefs about the disease, in order to improve the condition of patients. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a proper theoretical basis for the formulation of such programs. Our goal was to conduct a theoretical reviewin order to identify the state of knowledge on the implementation and effectiveness of such programsby highlighting their main features.Methods: In order to conduct our review, we searched for articles in 5 databases -"Proquest", "Reaxys", "Sage", "Science Direct" and "Springer"and we have analysed the studies that have implemented or intend to implement interventions for restructuring illness representations, based on cognitive behavioural therapy.Results: We analysed 44 articles, most of which are protocols of future studies. However, the existing results are promising. In general, such interventions comprise 4 to 10 sessions that can be provided in various settingsindividually, group-based, or mixedaiming to form accurate illness representations among patients by providing information through direct interaction between the specialist and the patient or through the written material.Conclusions: The CBT interventions may determine positive modifications of symptoms and coping strategies in patients, with beneficial effects on the evolution of health. Though they are still in the early stages, research findings are promising andbeyond any doubtcognitive-behavioural therapy is worthy of attention from researchers who investigate patients' illness representations.