Cancer Related Inflammation and Tumor Angiogenesis

Wu, Ping

doi:10.5772/26304

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Even in the case of angiogenesis, TAM recruitment plays a fundamental role due to the fact that these cells produce pro-angiogenic molecules that boost the angiogenic switch [40]. TAMs are sensitive to the low oxygen tension (hypoxia) typical of tumor avascular regions and react by producing molecules such as the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), considered one of the major pro-angiogenic cytokines [41–43]. The link between chronic inflammation and angiogenesis is not unidirectional; the borderline between cause and consequence is very thin and several mechanisms driving these two processes are still unclear [44].…”

Section: Role Of Inflammation During Cancer Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Cancer: In Medio Stat Nano

Molinaro

Corbo

Livingston

et al. 2018

CMC

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Cancer treatment still remains a challenge due to the several limitations of currently used chemotherapeutics, such as their poor pharmacokinetics, unfavorable chemical properties, as well as inability to discriminate between healthy and diseased tissue. Nanotechnology offered potent tools to overcome these limitations. Drug encapsulation within a delivery system permitted i) to protect the payload from enzymatic degradation/inactivation in the blood stream, ii) to improve the physicochemical properties of poorly water-soluble drugs, like paclitaxel, and iii) to selectively deliver chemotherapeutics to the cancer lesions, thus reducing the off-target toxicity, and promoting the intracellular internalization. To accomplish this purpose, several strategies have been developed, based on biological and physical changes happening locally and systemically as consequence of tumorigenesis. Here, we will discuss the role of inflammation in the different steps of tumor development and the strategies based on the use of nanoparticles that exploit the inflammatory pathways in order to selectively target the tumor-associated microenvironment for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.

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Section: Role Of Inflammation During Cancer Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Cancer: In Medio Stat Nano

Molinaro

Corbo

Livingston

et al. 2018

CMC

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“…Inflammation, often in conjunction with hypoxia, can stimulate angiogenesis, triggered by the production of VEGFA by TAMs [11, 12] and the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling by secreted matrix metalloproteases [13]. Finally, at the tumor microenvironment, the establishment of an immune-suppressive milieu by the induction of tryptophan metabolism through the kynurenine pathway plays an important role in tumor immune evasion [14].…”

Section: Colorectal Cancer (Crc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanovectors Design for Theranostic Applications in Colorectal Cancer

Rampado

Crotti

Caliceti

et al. 2019

Journal of Oncology

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a diffused disease with limited therapeutic options, none of which are often curative. Based on the molecular markers and targets expressed by the affected tissues, numerous novel approaches have been developed to study and treat this disease. In particular, the field of nanotechnology offers an astonishingly wide array of innovative nanovectors with high versatility and adaptability for both diagnosis and therapy (the so called “theranostic platforms”). However, such complexity can make the selection of a specific nanocarrier model to study a perplexing endeavour for the biomedical scientist or clinician not familiar with this field of inquiry. This review offers a comprehensive overview of this wide body of knowledge, in order to outline the essential requirements for the clinical viability evaluation of a nanovector model in CRC. In particular, the differences among the foremost designs, their specific advantages, and technological caveats will be treated, never forgetting the ultimate endpoint for these systems development: the clinical practice.

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“… 15 A variety of inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelia growth factor (VEGF), and eicosanoids affect tumor progression. 16 …”

Section: Hypoxia Inflammation and Tumorigenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammatory cells, mainly M2 cells, and immunological mediators such as VEGF, chemokines, eicosanoids, and reactive oxygen, are involved in angiogenesis. 16 …”

Section: Hypoxia Inflammation and Tumorigenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumorigenesis: cell defense against hypoxia?

Pakravan¹

2013

Oncol Rev

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Microenvironmental elements can directly contribute to the induction and the maintenance of tumor. Oxygen is the main element in the cell microenvironment and hypoxia can affect the process of tumorigenesis. In response to hypoxia, cells change their pattern and characteristics. These changes suggest that it is not just adaptation, but some sort of cell defense against hypoxia. If hypoxia is corrected, then cell defense mechanisms are interrupted. An examination of the process of tumorigenesis helps to design better therapeutic strategies. A systematic review of the English literature was conducted by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, and ISI Web databases for studies on changes that defend and help cells to live in a hypoxic microenvironment. Cells respond to hypoxia by de-differentiation and an increase in heat shock proteins. Angiogenesis and deviation of inflammatory response in favor of hypoxic cell survival also defend and save the oxygen-starved cells from death. Finally, anti-angiogenic therapies and more hypoxia enhance metastasis, as tumors with low oxygen concentration are more malignant than tumors with high oxygen concentration. All these enable cells to migrate away from low oxygen areas and seek a more conducive microenvironment. Therapies that make the microenvironment more hypoxic need to be revised. This has been done for anti-angiogenic therapies, previously considered to be anti-tumor approaches. Effective therapies may be correcting therapies which direct the tumor microenvironment towards natural physical/chemical condition. Correcting therapies either bring back tumor cells to a normal form (correct tumor cells) or help the immune system to eradicate tumor cells which can not be corrected.

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Cancer Related Inflammation and Tumor Angiogenesis

Cited by 5 publications

References 83 publications

Inflammation and Cancer: In Medio Stat Nano

Inflammation and Cancer: In Medio Stat Nano

Nanovectors Design for Theranostic Applications in Colorectal Cancer

Tumorigenesis: cell defense against hypoxia?

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