Cancer‐specific promoters for expression‐targeted gene therapy: ran, brms1 and mcm5

Abstract

The ran, brms1, and mcm5 promoters have the specificity and strength needed for cancer-specific expression-targeted gene therapy. (p) ran in particular produced exciting results when coupled with a version of the caspase 3 exon to treat bladder cancer. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Non‐invasive detection of bladder cancer via expression‐targeted gene delivery

“…Next, 1 × 10 5 MB49 cells (100 μl of cells at a concentration of 10 6 cells/ml) were delivered into the bladders of mice. Details of the procedure have been reported in previous studies .…”

“…However, rather than look for novel biomarkers, the strategy employed in the present study utilizes the delivery of genes encoding a secretable form of the luciferase reporter to cells lining the lumenal surface of the urinary bladder. The transgenes used were under the control of promoters that are specifically active in cancer cells, leading to reporter expression that was limited to cancer cells in both in vitro and in vivo experiments . Using this technique, known as expression‐targeted gene delivery, two promoters were investigated for their specificity and utility in driving the expression of genes encoding Gaussia luciferase in carcinoma cells.…”

“…The transgenes used were under the control of promoters that are specifically active in cancer cells, leading to reporter expression that was limited to cancer cells in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. 7 Using this technique, known as expression-targeted gene delivery, two promoters were investigated for their specificity and utility in driving the expression of genes encoding Gaussia luciferase in carcinoma cells. The promoters were derived from the cyclooxygenase-2 (cox2) and osteopontin (opn) genes.…”

Enzyme/Prodrug Systems for Cancer Gene Therapy

“…In order to enhance promoter’s expression activity and also overcome the potential development of resistance by the tumor cells, several groups have tried to create more specific and efficacious ones. Recently, Rad 51, OPN, RAN, BRMS1 and MCM5 promoters were identified through screening of a large panel of normal and cancer cells and interestingly some of them showed significantly higher activity than hTERT promoter (Chen et al 2016; Chen, Godbey 2015; Hine et al 2012). Another means of improving promoter activity is to artificially design a chimeric promoter.…”

Drug delivery system based on dendritic nanoparticles for enhancement of intravesical instillation

“…Furthermore, PEG-PAMAM-DOX could be considered a target-releasing drug delivery system triggered by cancer cells that are specific to an acidic microenvironment, making it an ideal drug delivery system for intravesical instillation. Considering the advantages of the PEG-PAMAM-based delivery system, some other therapeutic agents such as suicide genes, 41 bacterial minicell, 42 and protein-loaded liposome system 43 could be encapsulated into the delivery system.…”