Cancer Stem Cells and the Stromal Microenvironment

Li, Li; Margolin, David A.

doi:10.1002/9781118356203.ch21

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Dynamic interactions between CSCs and stromal cells represent one of the main mechanisms of treatment resistance and cancer recurrence. In both follicular lymphoma and colorectal cancer, drug‐resistant CSCs interact with follicular dendritic cells via CXCL12/chemokine (C‐X‐C) ligand receptor 4 (CXCR4) signaling to provoke tumorigenicity, and such CSCs are enriched by chemotherapy in the presence of stromal cells . Thus, integration of CSC‐targeting strategy stands a treatment option in future trials for patients after primary therapeutic regimens including standard chemotherapy and targeted therapy.…”

Section: Pathological Implications Of the Tmementioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Horizons in the Tumor Microenvironment: Harnessing Breakthroughs and Targeting Cures

Sun

2015

Medicinal Research Reviews

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Chemotherapy and targeted therapy have opened new avenues in clinical oncology. However, there is a lack of response in a substantial percentage of cancer patients and diseases frequently relapse in those who even initially respond. Resistance is, at present, the major barrier to conquering cancer, the most lethal age-related pathology. Identification of mechanisms underlying resistance and development of effective strategies to circumvent treatment pitfalls thereby improving clinical outcomes remain overarching tasks for scientists and clinicians. Growing bodies of data indicate that stromal cells within the genetically stable but metabolically dynamic tumor microenvironment confer acquired resistance against anticancer therapies. Further, treatment itself activates the microenvironment by damaging a large population of benign cells, which can drastically exacerbate disease conditions in a cell nonautonomous manner, and such off-target effects should be well taken into account when establishing future therapeutic rationale. In this review, we highlight relevant biological mechanisms through which the tumor microenvironment drives development of resistance. We discuss some unsolved issues related to the preclinical and clinical trial paradigms that need to be carefully devised, and provide implications for personalized medicine. In the long run, an insightful and accurate understanding of the intricate signaling networks of the tumor microenvironment in pathological settings will guide the design of new clinical interventions particularly combinatorial therapies, and it might help overcome, or at least prevent, the onset of acquired resistance.

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Section: Pathological Implications Of the Tmementioning

confidence: 99%

Translational Horizons in the Tumor Microenvironment: Harnessing Breakthroughs and Targeting Cures

Sun

2015

Medicinal Research Reviews

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“…These cells also secrete cytokines and growth factors similar to the cancer cells, hence affecting the tumor microenvironment and the tumor’s growth [111–113]. Thus, the solid tumor comprising of the cancer and non-cancer portions play a dynamic role on how the drugs will act [114]. …”

Section: Mechanisms Responsible For the Mdrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanopreparations to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer

Patel

Pattni

Abouzeid

et al. 2013

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

303

198

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Multidrug resistance is the most widely exploited phenomenon by which cancer eludes chemotherapy. Broad variety of factors, ranging from the cellular ones, such as over-expression of efflux transporters, defective apoptotic machineries, and altered molecular targets, to the physiological factors such as higher interstitial fluid pressure, low extracellular pH, and formation of irregular tumor vasculature are responsible for multidrug resistance. A combination of various undesirable factors associated with biological surroundings together with poor solubility and instability of many potential therapeutic small & large molecules within the biological systems and systemic toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents has necessitated the need for nano-preparations to optimize drug delivery. The physiology of solid tumors presents numerous challenges for successful therapy. However, it also offers unique opportunities for the use of nanotechnology. Nanoparticles, up to 400 nm in size, have shown great promise for carrying, protecting and delivering potential therapeutic molecules with diverse physiological properties. In this review, various factors responsible for the MDR and the use of nanotechnology to overcome the MDR, the use of spheroid culture as well as the current technique of producing micro tumor tissues in vitro are discussed in detail.

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“…Indeed, when receiving external signals, LNSCs express specific features for creating tissue structure and supporting immune reactions (66). LNSCs also provide a microenviroment that facilitates the establishment of cancer metastases (67). We speculate that LNSCs similarly provide the necessary regulatory cues to cells and tissues transplanted into the lymph node.…”

Section: The Lymph Node Bioreactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Organs on Demand: Breakthroughs and Challenges in Models of Organogenesis

Francipane

Lagasse

2016

Curr Pathobiol Rep

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In recent years, functional three-dimensional (3D) tissue generation in vitro has been significantly advanced by tissue-engineering methods, achieving better reproduction of complex native organs compared to conventional culture systems. This review will discuss traditional 3D cell culture techniques as well as newly developed technology platforms. These recent techniques provide new possibilities in the creation of human body parts and provide more accurate predictions of tissue response to drug and chemical challenges. Given the rapid advancement in the human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) field, these platforms also hold great promise in the development of patient-specific, transplantable tissues and organs on demand.

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Cancer Stem Cells and the Stromal Microenvironment

Cited by 15 publications

References 95 publications

Translational Horizons in the Tumor Microenvironment: Harnessing Breakthroughs and Targeting Cures

Translational Horizons in the Tumor Microenvironment: Harnessing Breakthroughs and Targeting Cures

Nanopreparations to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer

Toward Organs on Demand: Breakthroughs and Challenges in Models of Organogenesis

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