Candida and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea

Krause, Robert; Reisinger, Emil C.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2004.00978.x

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This led to worsening of DSS-induced colitis and exacerbated allergic airway disease [52]. Conversely, another study found patients receiving antibiotics, resulting in antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD), had disturbance to the indigenous microbiota preceding Candida overgrowth in the GI tract (reviewed in [53]). Candida species and Geotrichum candidum have been implicated in causation of IBS in patients who had received prior anti-bacterials, as these patients seemed to respond to nystatin, an anti-fungal preparation [54,55].…”

Section: The Gut Mycobiome and Disease Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fungal Mycobiome and Its Interaction with Gut Bacteria in the Host

Sam

Chang

Chai

2017

IJMS

173

129

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The advent of sequencing technology has endowed us with the capacity to study microbes constituting the human commensal community that were previously non-culturable. Much of the initial works have concentrated on the bacterial flora constituting the gut microbiome, since specimens are readily accessible in health and disease. Less, however, is understood of the “silent population”—the fungal species, also known as the mycobiome. Living in symbiosis with bacteria as commensals in our body, it is perceivable that the mycobiome exerts an inadvertent influence on the microbiome. We review here the recent knowledge gained from study of the interaction between the mycobiome and microbiome in health and disease susceptibility, immunity, and consequences from antimicrobial treatment.

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Section: The Gut Mycobiome and Disease Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fungal Mycobiome and Its Interaction with Gut Bacteria in the Host

Sam

Chang

Chai

2017

IJMS

173

129

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“…The effect of broad‐spectrum antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota is characterised by the decrease in protective bacterial populations and the increase in fungi. However, the role of fungi in AAD is still controversial . It has been reported that the faecal concentrations of Candida sp.…”

Section: Role Of Fungi In Pathogenesis Of Gi Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the role of fungi in AAD is still controversial. 15,164 It has been reported that the faecal concentrations of Candida sp. of ≥10 5 CFU/mL can cause diarrhoea in patients receiving antibiotic therapy, but which <10 5 CFU/mL do not.…”

Section: Role Of Fungi In Aadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: fungal microbiota and digestive diseases

Wang

Yang

Stefka

et al. 2014

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

108

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Summary Background The role of the fungal microbiota in digestive diseases is poorly defined, but is becoming better understood due to advances in metagenomics. Aim To review the gastrointestinal fungal microbiota and its relationship with digestive diseases. Methods Search of the literature using PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Subject headings including ‘fungal‐bacterial interactions’, ‘mycotoxins’, ‘immunity to fungi’, ‘fungal infection’, ‘fungal microbiota’, ‘mycobiome’ and ‘digestive diseases’ were used. Results The fungal microbiota is an integral part of the gastrointestinal microecosystem with up to 106 microorganisms per gram of faeces. Next‐generation sequencing of the fungal 18S rRNA gene has allowed better characterisation of the gastrointestinal mycobiome. Numerous interactions between fungi and bacteria and the complex immune response to gastrointestinal commensal or pathogenic fungi all impact on the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease and other gastrointestinal inflammatory entities such as peptic ulcers. Mycotoxins generated as fungal metabolites contribute to disturbances of gastrointestinal barrier and immune functions and are associated with chronic intestinal inflammatory conditions as well as hepatocellular and oesophagogastric cancer. Systemic and gastrointestinal disease can also lead to secondary fungal infections. Fungal genomic databases and methodologies need to be further developed and will allow a much better understanding of the diversity and function of the mycobiome in gastrointestinal inflammation, tumourigenesis, liver cirrhosis and transplantation, and its alteration as a consequence of antibiotic therapy and chemotherapy. Conclusions The fungal microbiota and its metabolites impact gastrointestinal function and contribute to the pathogenesis of digestive diseases. Further metagenomic analyses of the gastrointestinal mycobiome in health and disease is needed.

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“…C. albicans ist bis zur abschließenden Klärung dieser Frage daher eher als Kommensale denn als opportunistischer Keim zu bezeichnen. In einzelnen Studien konnte allerdings eine Besserung der Durchfallsymptomatik nach Gabe von Antimykotika gezeigt werden [1,16].…”

Section: Eine Antibiotikaassoziierte Diarrhö (Aad) Kann Bei Bis Zu 25unclassified

Altes und Neues zur antibiotikaassoziierten Diarrhö

Cramer

Burchard²,

Lohse

2008

Med Klin

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The introduction of antibiotics has been one of the most striking improvements in treatment and prophylaxis in medical history. At the same time, it is the antibacterial effect that is responsible for one of the most frequent complications associated with antibiotic treatment: antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). This iatrogenic complication causes a considerable proportion of additional morbidity but also costs. In the clinical praxis it is often difficult to predict the risk of AAD associated with a specific antibiotic agent in a specific patient. Pathogenetically, direct pharmacodynamic/toxic effects on the intestinal tract as well as impact on the normal gut flora and selection of pathogenic bacteria play a role. Clostridium difficile is associated only with about 20-25% of all AADs but is responsible for almost all cases of pseudomembranous colitis, the most severe manifestation of AAD. The incidence of C.-difficile-positive diarrhea is significantly increasing in Germany. This fact and the high frequency of relapses demand concerted and thorough treatment regimens. In 2007, first cases of the highly virulent C.-difficile strain characterized as PCR ribotype 027 associated with high mortality have been reported in Germany. This review provides an update on latest findings and recommendations with respect to pathogenesis, diagnostics as well as therapeutic and prevention strategies.

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Candida and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea

Cited by 32 publications

References 12 publications

The Fungal Mycobiome and Its Interaction with Gut Bacteria in the Host

The Fungal Mycobiome and Its Interaction with Gut Bacteria in the Host

Review article: fungal microbiota and digestive diseases

Altes und Neues zur antibiotikaassoziierten Diarrhö

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