Candida spp. and phagocytosis: multiple evasion mechanisms

Oliver, Josidel Conceição; Ferreira, Carla Benedini Ribeiro Jorge; Silva, Naiara Chaves; Dias, Amanda Latércia Tranches

doi:10.1007/s10482-019-01271-x

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Virulent factors facilitate the ability of Candida species to cause infections (El-Houssaini et al, 2019). These aid the yeast to protect itself against antibodies and phagocytic activity of the host immune system (Oliver et al, 2019). About 95.5% of C. albicans produced the most bio lms followed by 78% C. glabrata produced bio lms, and then C. krusei (67.4%) and C. tropicalis (51.7%) as presented in Table 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…All the bio lm forming Candida isolates found in this study also had phospholipase activity. Studies have shown that enzyme activity, hydrophobicity and the ability for bio lm formation are important factors that are responsible for the pathogenicity of various Candida species (Sobel, 2016;Oliver et al, 2019). These virulent factors together with resistance mechanisms may act synergistically to be responsible for the recurrent infections in women from Nkawie Government Hospital, Ashanti Region, Ghana.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates from Women with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Ghana - A Review of Laboratory Reports.

Pesewu

Feglo

Boateng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection among women of childbearing age, and few of these women experience recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). The study was aimed at determining the virulent factors, and antifungal susceptibility of the Candida species isolated from women with RVVC attending the Nkawie Government Hospital, Ashanti-Region, Ghana. Over a 6–month period (October 2016 to March 2017), a total of 288 women with RVVC were evaluated. Isolation of the yeast was performed after the inoculation of the vaginal specimens onto Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA), and incubated for 24-48 hours at 37oC. The isolates were identified by standardized conventional methods. The enzymatic activities of esterase, phospholipase, haemolysis and biofilm production were evaluated for the identification of the yeast isolates. Susceptibility to antifungal agents was determined by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Azole resistant isolates were further tested for ERG11 gene which encodes the enzyme (cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14-α-demethylase) by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Vaginal swabs cultures of 200 women (64.4) from 288 samples yielded Candida species. Candida albicans was the commonest isolated specie (33.0%), followed by Candida glabrata (29.5 %), Candida tropicalis (23.0%), and Candida krusei (15.5%). Hemolysin production, phospholipase enzyme activity, and biofilms formation were found in 84.5%, 83%, 77.5%.of the isolates respectively. Most phospholipase producing Candida isolates also formed biofilms. All Candida spp isolated were susceptible to itraconazole while majority of them were resistant to voriconazole. ERG11 genes were detected in 11.1% of Azole resistant Candida species. There is a significant increase in the rate of antifungal resistance among the Candida isolates to fluconazole and voriconazole. There is need for continuous surveillance as well as antifungal susceptibility testing on the Candida spp to guide therapy. A larger epidemiological study is also advocated to determining the degree of spread of ERG11 genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates from Women with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Ghana - A Review of Laboratory Reports.

Pesewu

Feglo

Boateng

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For example, overgrowth of Candida spp. in the respiratory tract may impair host bacterial phagocytosis (Oliver et al 2019). In our COVID-19+ population, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was more commonly used in patients with Candida colonization and positive Aspergillus GMs antigen, but the CI of the odds ratio estimate is relatively large because of missing data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critically ill patients with COVID-19 show lung fungal dysbiosis with reduced microbial diversity in patients colonized with Candida spp.

Viciani¹,

Gaibani

Castagnetti³

et al. 2022

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified interest in how the infection impacts the lung microbiome of critically ill patients and contributes to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to characterize the lower respiratory tract mycobiome of COVID-19 critically ill patients in comparison to COVID-19-negative patients. Methods We performed an Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) profiling, with the Illumina MiSeq platform, on 26 respiratory specimens from COVID-19 positive patients as well as from 26 patients with non-COVID-19 pneumonia. Results COVID-19+ patients were more likely to be colonized with Candida spp. and ARDS was associated with lung dysbiosis characterised by a shift to Candida species colonisation and a decrease of fungal diversity. We also observed higher bacterial phylogenetic distance among taxa in COVID-19+ colonized patients. In COVID-19+ patients non-colonized with Candida spp , ITS2 amplicon sequencing revealed an increase of Ascomycota unassigned spp. and one Aspergillus spp positive specimen. Then, we found that corticosteroid therapy was frequently associated with positive Galactomannan cell wall component of Aspergillus spp among COVID-19+ patients. Conclusions Our study underpins that ARDS in COVID-19+ patients is associated with lung dysbiosis and that an increased density of Ascomycota unassigned spp. is present in patients not colonized with Candida spp .

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“…Only three SAP genes were reported for C. parapsilosis (SAPP1—SAPP1a and SAPP1b, SAPP2, and SAPP3), but while SAPP1 and SAPP2 facilitate the attachment of the yeast cells, modulate the biology of macrophages, and even disrupt the complement cascade, SAPP2 does not have a proven role in virulence [ 27 ]. C. glabrata has YPS genes that are responsible for Yapsis Secreted Proteases (Yps), enzymes that have numerous similarities with Sap [ 28 ]. C. tropicalis possesses four SAP genes, and their expression plays a role in the ability of C. tropicalis to cause disseminated infections and to fight the macrophages, but the Sap expression in the oral cavity is not associated with increased virulence [ 22 ].…”

Section: The Virulence Of Candida Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida and Candidiasis—Opportunism Versus Pathogenicity: A Review of the Virulence Traits

et al. 2020

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One of the most important questions in microbiology nowadays, is how apparently harmless, commensal yeasts like Candida spp. can cause a rising number of infections. The occurrence of the disease requires firstly the attachment to the host cells, followed by the invasion of the tissue. The adaptability translates into a rapid ability to respond to stress factors, to take up nutrients or to multiply under different conditions. By forming complex intracellular networks such as biofilms, Candida spp. become not only more refractive to antifungal therapies but also more prone to cause disease. The inter-microbial interactions can enhance the virulence of a strain. In vivo, the fungal cells face a multitude of challenges and, as a result, they develop complex strategies serving one ultimate goal: survival. This review presents the virulence factors of the most important Candida spp., contributing to a better understanding of the onset of candidiasis and raising awareness of the highly complex interspecies interactions that can change the outcome of the disease.

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Candida spp. and phagocytosis: multiple evasion mechanisms

Cited by 15 publications

References 108 publications

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates from Women with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Ghana - A Review of Laboratory Reports.

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates from Women with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Ghana - A Review of Laboratory Reports.

Critically ill patients with COVID-19 show lung fungal dysbiosis with reduced microbial diversity in patients colonized with Candida spp.

Candida and Candidiasis—Opportunism Versus Pathogenicity: A Review of the Virulence Traits

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