Canine and Feline Blood Donor Screening for Infectious Disease

Wardrop, K. Jane; Reine, Nyssa J.; Birkenheuer, Adam J.; Hale, Anne; Hohenhaus, Ann E.; Crawford, Cynda; Lappin, Michael R.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02672.x

Cited by 91 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Dogs seized from dogfighting investigations should not be used as blood donors due to high risk of subclinical infections with vector-borne pathogens. Blood donor candidates that have suspected fighting breed heritage or scars from dog bites should receive repeated screening by both PCR and serology to rule out B. gibsoni in addition to routine disease screening panels (Wardrop et al, 2005) prior to donating blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious diseases in dogs rescued during dogfighting investigations

Cannon

Levy

Kirk

et al. 2016

The Veterinary Journal

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Dogs used for dogfighting often receive minimal preventive health care, and the potential for spread of infectious diseases is high. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of infectious diseases in dogs rescued from fighting operations to guide medical protocols for their immediate and long-term care. A total of 269 pit bull-type dogs were seized in a multi-state investigation. Fleas were present on most dogs, but few ticks were observed. Testing performed at intake included packed cell volume (PCV), serology and PCR for vector-borne pathogens, and fecal analysis. The most common infections were Babesia gibsoni (39%), ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum’ (32%), Mycoplasma haemocanis (30%), Dirofilaria immitis (12%), and Ancylostoma (23%). Anemia was associated with B. gibsoni infection (63% of infected dogs, Odds ratio=2.5, P<0.001), but not with hemotropic mycoplasmas or Ancylostoma. Pit bull heritage and dogfighting are known risk factors for B. gibsoni infection, possibly via blood transmission from bites and vertical transmission. Hemotropic mycoplasmas have a similar risk pattern. Empirical care for dogs from dogfighting cases should include broad-spectrum internal and external parasiticides and monitoring for anemia. Dogfighting case responders should be prepared for mass screening and treatment of B. gibsoni and heartworm infections and should implement protocols to prevent transmission of infectious and zoonotic diseases in the shelter and following adoption. Former fighting dogs and dogs with possible dog bite scars should not be used as blood donors due to the risk of vector-borne pathogens that can escape detection and for which curative treatment is difficult to document.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious diseases in dogs rescued during dogfighting investigations

Cannon

Levy

Kirk

et al. 2016

The Veterinary Journal

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“…14 The presence of antibodies against FCoV in blood products may passively immunise transfused cats. in the case of contact with the virus in the weeks following transfusion, these cats could be exposed to the risk of antibodydependent enhancement of macrophage infection.…”

Section: Prevention Of Transmission Of Blood-borne Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood transfusion in cats

Pennisi

Hartmann²,

Addie³

et al. 2015

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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With a view to preventing transmission of blood-borne infectious diseases, the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine has adopted basic criteria for selecting pathogens to be tested for in donor pets. The worldwide core screening panel for donor cats includes feline leukaemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus, Bartonella species and feline haemoplasma. The list should be adapted to the local epidemiological situation concerning other vector-borne feline infections. The most practical, rapid and inexpensive measure to reduce transfusion risk is to check the risk profile of donor cats on the basis of a written questionnaire. Blood transfusion can never, however, be considered entirely safe.

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“…Τέλος, επει δή η χρόνια χορήγηση αντιμικροβιακών στις ασυμπτω-ματικές γάτες, ενέχει κινδύνους πρόκλησης ανθεκτι κών στελεχών του βακτηρίου, η θεραπεία ενδείκνυται μόνο σε γάτες με συμβατή κλινική εικόνα και θετικά αποτελέσματα από τις καλλιέργειες, τις ορολογικές και τις μοριακές μεθόδους (Guptill 2010a), ΠΡΟΛΗΨΗ Ο σημαντικότερος τρόπος πρόληψης είναι ο τακτι κός αποπαρασιτισμός από τους ψύλλους με την τοπική εφαρμογή 10% ιμιδακλοπρίδης και 1% μοξιδεκτίνης στο δέρμα κάθε μήνα και για όλο το χρόνο (Bradbury et al 2010). Επειδή σε πειραματικό επίπεδο υπάρχει ένδειξη μετάδοσης της μόλυνσης μέσω μολυσμένου αίματος στις γάτες, συνιστάται η αποφυγή επιλογής ως αιμοδοτών γνωστών μολυσμένων γατών ή γατών στις οποίες δεν εφαρμόζεται τακτικός αποπαρασιτι-σμός από ψύλλους (Kordick et al 1997a, Wardrop et al 2005.…”

Section: θεραπευτικη αντιμετωπισηunclassified

Feline bartonellosis· A review

Athanasiou¹,

Chatzis²,

Κοντου)

et al. 2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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ABSTRACT, Bartonella infection is caused by Gram negative bacteria commonly isolated from domestic cats. Cats are the major reservoir of Bartonella henselae, B> clarridgeiae and B. koehlerae which are transmitted to humans, while they are accidental host of B, quintana. Β, bovis και Β, vìmonìi subsp. berkhoffìi. The pathogen is transmitted among cats mainly by fleas while other vectors are also suspicious for transmission since the bacteria have been isolated from ticks and flies. The bacterial pathogenicity may be emphasized by the strain of the bacterium and the immune status of the infected host Most of the infected eats remain asymptomatic. In the natural occurring cases of feline bartonellosis uveitis, chronic gingivostomatitis and endocarditis have been reported. Mild anemia and leucocitosi s in the early phase of the infection has been also reported. Diagnosis is based on the detection of the specific anti-bartoneila antibodies by the inderict immunofluorescent test, ELISA and Western blot assays. Molecular biology techniques mainly PCR, cytology, histopathology and blood culture have also been employed for the direct detection of the pathogen. Prolonged antimicrobial therapy results to the reduction of bacterial burden without total elimination of the pathogen.Bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat scratch disease, a human infection usually characterized by persistent regional lymphadenopathy and less frequently fever while angiomatosis or hepatic peliosis have been reported mainly in immunocompromised patients. It is transmitted to humans by cat scratches or bites. The most effective means of protection is regular flea control Additionally, commonsense precautions and hygiene such as washing hands after handling pets and clean any cats and bites or scratches promptly are recommended especially in population at great risk.

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Canine and Feline Blood Donor Screening for Infectious Disease

Cited by 91 publications

References 51 publications

Infectious diseases in dogs rescued during dogfighting investigations

Infectious diseases in dogs rescued during dogfighting investigations

Blood transfusion in cats

Feline bartonellosis· A review

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